[core] Bump react 19 in v5

[DiegoAndai]

Final backports from v6 to v5 required to bump to React 19

Cherry-picks:

• Bump @types/react to v18.3.6 #43555
• Bump next from 13.5.1 to 14.2.5 #42998
• [core] Bump React to 19 (2.0) #44672
• Bump Emotion #44519
• Bump typescript to ^5.6.3 #44090
• Bump @types/node to ^18.19.48 #43554
• Bump @fortawesome/react-fontawesome to ^0.2.2 #42392

Besides, there are some one-off changes:

• Fixed incorrect types in @pigment-css/react package, this package won't be released from here anymore, so there's no impact to end users
• Fixes incorrect types in test/integration/mui-system/theme-scoping.test.tsx. Not sure why this is not required in master.
• Silenced react-spring related warnings as it doesn't support React 19 yet, and we only use it for demos.

[mui-bot]

Netlify deploy preview

• docs/data/base/getting-started/quickstart/quickstart.md
• docs/data/joy/getting-started/installation/installation.md
• docs/data/material/getting-started/installation/installation.md
• docs/data/system/getting-started/installation/installation.md

@material-ui/core: parsed: +0.16% , gzip: +0.26%
@material-ui/lab: parsed: +0.31% , gzip: +0.46%
@material-ui/system: parsed: +1.85% , gzip: +1.84%
@mui/joy: parsed: +0.30% , gzip: +0.47%

Bundle size report

Details of bundle changes (Toolpad)
Details of bundle changes

Generated by 🚫 dangerJS against 3ca0f78

[DiegoAndai]

@aarongarciah do these errors sound familiar? https://app.circleci.com/pipelines/github/mui/material-ui/144516/workflows/f9d4bf5f-1cf1-453d-8cd4-91a2df77cf51/jobs/778084

I'll debug them tomorrow. I'm just checking in case you have already gone through them in the past 😅. It's working on master, so I don't know what's missing to cherry-pick.

[aarongarciah]

@DiegoAndai is it the same issue as mui/mui-x#15769 (comment)?

Re the error in useClipboardCopy.ts, it seems we need to pass undefined to useRef in:

const timeout = React.useRef<ReturnType<typeof setTimeout>>();

[DiegoAndai]

@aarongarciah in case you want to review again, there has been a lot of changes since yesterday, but it's ready now 😅

Sorry for opening it so soon, but I had to work with the CI.

I added more detail in the description about the changes included in the PR.

[aarongarciah]

⚛️🚀