• Text-mode or framebuffer terminal
• Kernel-mode shell
• Device manager with Convenital PCI enumeration
• Symmetric Multiprocessing (SMP) support
• Per-processor round-robin task scheduler
• Task synchronization primitives: spinlocks, mutexes, semaphores, FIFO queues
• Asynchronous block device layer
• AHCI driver with read/write support
• GUID Partition Table parsing
• Bare-bones syscall support for usermode tasks

Arch Linux packages are specified in parentheses.

1. Building:

• binutils and GCC targeting i686-elf
• CMake (cmake)
• Optionally, Ninja (ninja)

2. Creating a bootable ISO:

• grub-mkrescue or grub2-mkrescue (grub)
• xorriso (libisoburn)
• GNU mtools (mtools)

3. Creating a virtual disk:

• QEMU disk image manipulation tools (qemu-img)
• mkfs.ext4 (e2fsprogs)

4. Running in an emulator:

• QEMU desktop for x86 (qemu-desktop, qemu-system-x86)

$ mkdir build
$ cd build
$ cmake .. -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=../toolchain.cmake -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug
$ make  # or ninja

Optionally, pass -GNinja to cmake to use Ninja instead of GNU make.

1. Create an ISO with GRUB and the kernel:

   $ ./create_iso.sh
   

2. Create and partition a virtual disk image:

   $ qemu-img create hd.img 4M
   $ fdisk hd.img
   > g  # new GUID partition table (GPT)
   > n  # new partition, accept the default values
   > t  # change the partition type
   >> F0516EBC-2D9E-4206-ABFC-B14EC7A626CE
   > w  # write changes and exit
   $ ./tools/loop-hd-image.sh
   $ sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/loop0p1
   $ sudo losetup -d /dev/loop0
   

3. Run QEMU:

   $ ./run_qemu.sh