[Backport maintenance/4.0.x] Fix FP for invalid-name with typing.Annotated

[pylint-backport]

Backport bb9df16 from #10699.

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
✅ Project coverage is 95.96%. Comparing base (0eb92d2) to head (143e63f).
⚠️ Report is 1 commits behind head on maintenance/4.0.x.

Additional details and impacted files

@@                Coverage Diff                 @@
##           maintenance/4.0.x   #10701   +/-   ##
==================================================
  Coverage              95.96%   95.96%           
==================================================
  Files                    176      176           
  Lines                  19510    19518    +8     
==================================================
+ Hits                   18723    18731    +8     
  Misses                   787      787           

Files with missing lines	Coverage Δ
pylint/checkers/base/name_checker/checker.py	98.76% <100.00%> (+0.03%)	⬆️

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