feat(trie): optimize prefix set

[rkrasiuk]

Problem

Incremental state root calculation takes a lot of time. Flamegraph showed that most of the time is spent on PrefixSet::contains.

Solution

Optimize prefix set based on silkworm implementation.

Related PRs

#2406

[gakonst]

wish we had a more Rust-y way to do this but lgtm - needs lint

[codecov-commenter]

Codecov Report

All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests ✅

Project coverage is 71.64%. Comparing base (503748b) to head (f6f8a1c).
Report is 8588 commits behind head on main.

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##             main    #2417      +/-   ##
==========================================
- Coverage   71.65%   71.64%   -0.01%     
==========================================
  Files         486      486              
  Lines       59792    59811      +19     
==========================================
+ Hits        42843    42852       +9     
- Misses      16949    16959      +10     

Flag	Coverage Δ
integration-tests	18.36% <0.00%> (-0.04%)	⬇️
unit-tests	66.53% <100.00%> (+<0.01%)	⬆️

Flags with carried forward coverage won't be shown. Click here to find out more.

☔ View full report in Codecov by Sentry.
📢 Have feedback on the report? Share it here.

🚀 New features to boost your workflow:

• ❄️ Test Analytics: Detect flaky tests, report on failures, and find test suite problems.
• 📦 JS Bundle Analysis: Save yourself from yourself by tracking and limiting bundle sizes in JS merges.