[Bug]: ReferenceError: ts_transformer_keys_1 is not defined with ts-transformer-key from v29.0.0

[IngBertolini]

Version

29.3.2

Steps to reproduce

Following the instructions to make ts-transformer-keys work with ts-jest leads to an error at runtime:

TypeError: Cannot read properties of undefined (reading 'transformSourceFile')

Expected behavior

It should work as expected

Actual behavior

A runtime error occurs

TypeError: Cannot read properties of undefined (reading 'transformSourceFile')

      at ../../node_modules/.pnpm/typescript@5.8.3/node_modules/typescript/lib/typescript.js:119170:85
      at transformation (../../node_modules/.pnpm/typescript@5.8.3/node_modules/typescript/lib/typescript.js:119264:14)
      at transformRoot (../../node_modules/.pnpm/typescript@5.8.3/node_modules/typescript/lib/typescript.js:119287:71)
      at transformNodes (../../node_modules/.pnpm/typescript@5.8.3/node_modules/typescript/lib/typescript.js:119272:70)
      at emitJsFileOrBundle (../../node_modules/.pnpm/typescript@5.8.3/node_modules/typescript/lib/typescript.js:119817:24)
      at emitSourceFileOrBundle (../../node_modules/.pnpm/typescript@5.8.3/node_modules/typescript/lib/typescript.js:119775:5)
      at forEachEmittedFile (../../node_modules/.pnpm/typescript@5.8.3/node_modules/typescript/lib/typescript.js:119539:24)
      at emitFiles (../../node_modules/.pnpm/typescript@5.8.3/node_modules/typescript/lib/typescript.js:119757:3)
      at ../../node_modules/.pnpm/typescript@5.8.3/node_modules/typescript/lib/typescript.js:126907:13
      at Object.runWithCancellationToken (../../node_modules/.pnpm/typescript@5.8.3/node_modules/typescript/lib/typescript.js:51211:16)
      at emitWorker (../../node_modules/.pnpm/typescript@5.8.3/node_modules/typescript/lib/typescript.js:126905:37)
      at ../../node_modules/.pnpm/typescript@5.8.3/node_modules/typescript/lib/typescript.js:126876:13
      at runWithCancellationToken (../../node_modules/.pnpm/typescript@5.8.3/node_modules/typescript/lib/typescript.js:126986:14)
      at Object.emit (../../node_modules/.pnpm/typescript@5.8.3/node_modules/typescript/lib/typescript.js:126875:20)
      at transpileWorker (../../node_modules/.pnpm/ts-jest@29.3.2_@babel+core@7.27.4_@jest+transform@29.7.0_@jest+types@29.6.3_babel-jest@29.7.0_bnf6743572yuqcukekff4boeqm/node_modules/ts-jest/dist/transpilers/typescript/transpile-module.js:181:26)
      at TsCompiler._transpileOutput (../../node_modules/.pnpm/ts-jest@29.3.2_@babel+core@7.27.4_@jest+transform@29.7.0_@jest+types@29.6.3_babel-jest@29.7.0_bnf6743572yuqcukekff4boeqm/node_modules/ts-jest/dist/legacy/compiler/ts-compiler.js:247:57)
      at TsCompiler.getCompiledOutput (../../node_modules/.pnpm/ts-jest@29.3.2_@babel+core@7.27.4_@jest+transform@29.7.0_@jest+types@29.6.3_babel-jest@29.7.0_bnf6743572yuqcukekff4boeqm/node_modules/ts-jest/dist/legacy/compiler/ts-compiler.js:223:31)
      at TsJestCompiler.getCompiledOutput (../../node_modules/.pnpm/ts-jest@29.3.2_@babel+core@7.27.4_@jest+transform@29.7.0_@jest+types@29.6.3_babel-jest@29.7.0_bnf6743572yuqcukekff4boeqm/node_modules/ts-jest/dist/legacy/compiler/ts-jest-compiler.js:14:39)
      at TsJestTransformer.processWithTs (../../node_modules/.pnpm/ts-jest@29.3.2_@babel+core@7.27.4_@jest+transform@29.7.0_@jest+types@29.6.3_babel-jest@29.7.0_bnf6743572yuqcukekff4boeqm/node_modules/ts-jest/dist/legacy/ts-jest-transformer.js:259:41)
      at TsJestTransformer.process (../../node_modules/.pnpm/ts-jest@29.3.2_@babel+core@7.27.4_@jest+transform@29.7.0_@jest+types@29.6.3_babel-jest@29.7.0_bnf6743572yuqcukekff4boeqm/node_modules/ts-jest/dist/legacy/ts-jest-transformer.js:183:24)
      at ScriptTransformer.transformSource (../../node_modules/.pnpm/@jest+transform@29.7.0/node_modules/@jest/transform/build/ScriptTransformer.js:545:31)
      at ScriptTransformer._transformAndBuildScript (../../node_modules/.pnpm/@jest+transform@29.7.0/node_modules/@jest/transform/build/ScriptTransformer.js:674:40)
      at ScriptTransformer.transform (../../node_modules/.pnpm/@jest+transform@29.7.0/node_modules/@jest/transform/build/ScriptTransformer.js:726:19)

Debug log

ts-jest.log

Additional context

jest.config.js

/** @type {import('jest').Config} */
const config = {
  preset: "ts-jest",
  transform: {
    ".(ts|tsx)": [
      "ts-jest",
      {
        astTransformers: { before: ["ts-jest-keys-transformer.js"] }
      }
    ]
  }
}

ts-jest-keys-transformer.js

const keysTransformer = require("ts-transformer-keys/transformer").default;
const name = "my-key-transformer";
const version = 1;
const factory = (cs) => (ctx) => {
  console.log("PROGRAM", cs.program);
  keysTransformer(cs.program)(ctx);
};

module.exports = { name, version, factory };

jest v29.7.0
ts-jest v.29.3.2
typescript v5.8.3 (tried also with v5.7.x with same results)

Environment

System:
    OS: Linux 6.6 Ubuntu 22.04.4 LTS 22.04.4 LTS (Jammy Jellyfish)
    CPU: (8) x64 Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-7700HQ CPU @ 2.80GHz
  Binaries:
    Node: 20.16.0 - /usr/bin/node
    npm: 10.8.1 - /usr/bin/npm
    pnpm: 9.12.2 - /usr/bin/pnpm
  npmPackages:
    jest: ^29.3.1 => 29.7.0

[ahnpnl]

I see the example code is a bit different from the example in README.md at https://github.com/kulshekhar/ts-jest/tree/main/src/transformers Would you please try out like the example doc?

Btw the example is written in ts

[IngBertolini]

Hello! Sorry, part of the problem was my fault. I was missing the return statement in ts-jest-keys-transformer.js before keysTransformer. Here the correct version

const keysTransformer = require("ts-transformer-keys/transformer").default;
const name = "my-key-transformer";
const version = 1;
const factory = (cs) => (ctx) => {
  console.log("PROGRAM", cs.program);
  return keysTransformer(cs.program)(ctx);
};

module.exports = { name, version, factory };

Anyway, even if now it doesn't throw any compilation error, it still doesn't work.
I get ReferenceError: ts_transformer_keys_1 is not defined during tests runtime.
I patched the ts-transformer-keys package and put some logs and it seems that some of the .ts files are not processed by ts-jest, or not passed to the transformer.
I made some trial and error and i found out that if i use ts-jest v28.0.8 it all works perfectly. Starting from v29.0.0 the runtime error occurs.

[ahnpnl]

Would this one work?

// my-transformer.ts
import type { TsCompilerInstance } from 'ts-jest'
import keysTransformer from 'ts-transformer-keys/transformer'
import type { TransformationContext } from 'typescript'

export const version = 1
export const name = 'my-key-transformer'

export function factory(compilerInstance: TsCompilerInstance) {
  return (ctx: TransformationContext) => {
    // eslint-disable-next-line @typescript-eslint/no-non-null-assertion
    return keysTransformer(compilerInstance.program!)(ctx)
  }
}

and then

// jest.config.ts
import { TS_TRANSFORM_PATTERN } from 'ts-jest'

export default {
  transform: {
    [TS_TRANSFORM_PATTERN]: [
      'ts-jest',
      {
        astTransformers: {
          before: [
            '<rootDir>/my-transformer.ts',
          ],
        },
      },
    ],
  },
}

[IngBertolini]

Same sistuation, it works withv28.0.8 but not with v29.0.0

[ahnpnl]

I tested my codes via the e2e test https://github.com/kulshekhar/ts-jest/blob/main/e2e/transformer-in-ts/jest-compiler-cjs.config.ts Can you try to modify this e2e test and check?

The e2e test passes before with Jest 29 and now with Jest 30. Also, the error ReferenceError is not ts-jest, or what kind of error did you get?

[IngBertolini]

The ReferenceError: ts_transformer_keys_1 is not defined comes from ts-transformer-keys and it happens when the transformer is not applied and at runtime the function is not found.

I patched the ts-transformer-keys package, in the transformer.js file and added the log in the picture to print the files that are being processed.

When i use ts-jest v28.0.8 i have a lot of files printes, while when using v29.0.0 i have only a few.
It seems that most of the files are not being precessed by the transformer with the newer version.

[ahnpnl]

Are you using latest version? Recently there was a fix regarding to processing files from node_modules

Oh nvm, I saw the original reported version is 29.3.2

[IngBertolini]

Yeah it seems something like that, even though the files not beign processed are written by me, they're not inside node_modules. I also saw that ts-transformer-keys stopped working already once in the past, see #2073
Maybe it's something similar

[IngBertolini]

Another consideration: i also tried to set the compiler option of ts-jest to use ts-patch, following the instrucions

/** @type {import('jest').Config} */
const config = {
  preset: "ts-jest",
  transform: {
    ".(ts|tsx)": [
      "ts-jest",
      {
        // astTransformers: { before: ["ts-jest-keys-transformer.js"] }
        compiler: "ts-patch/compiler"
      }
    ]
  }
}

I'm currently successfully using this way for my dev environment with ts-node, and my build setup, but it seems that the compiler options doesn't take effect in ts-jest. Would it be possibile to make it work in this way maybe, instead of writing a transformer-wrapper?

[ahnpnl]

I put down the example here #4913