feat(debug-statements): implement builtin hook

[lmmx]

Description

Following discussion in #880 and initial bug report in #872 (where found prek slower than pre-commit for the debug-statements hook in particular, which can be fixed by giving it a Rust port), this PR contributes such a "fast path" hook.

This is a popular hook with 5,000+ repos using it on grep.app

Like #884 this one uses the ruff_python_parser crate from ruff to parse the AST and then its closely related crate ruff_python_ast to access nodes.

• The extra crate increased compilation time by 3%, from 21.7s to 22.4s (and I would expect this to be negligible difference to the change introduced by ruff_python_parser alone in the check-ast hook PR in feat(check-ast): implement builtin hook #884)
• Unit test and snapshot test coverage added

Binary Size Change
+8.75% (.text: 16.0 MiB → 17.4 MiB)

Demo

Taking the top hit on grep.app, wandb/wandb

gh repo clone wandb/wandb

and running the latest release of prek and pre-commit, the debug-statements hook runs 26% slower than pre-commit's:

louis 🌟 ~/tmp/wandb $ pre-commit run -a --verbose
check-toml...............................................................Passed
- hook id: check-toml
- duration: 0.04s
debug-statements.........................................................Passed
- hook id: debug-statements
- duration: 0.19s
louis 🌟 ~/tmp/wandb $ prek run -a --verbose
check-toml...............................................................Passed
- hook id: check-toml
- duration: 0.00s
debug-statements.........................................................Passed
- hook id: debug-statements
- duration: 0.24s

After installing this local feature branch, it runs 2x as fast 🎉

louis 🌟 ~/tmp/wandb $ prek run -a --verbose
check-toml...............................................................Passed
- hook id: check-toml
- duration: 0.00s
debug-statements.........................................................Passed
- hook id: debug-statements
- duration: 0.10s

[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 97.38562% with 8 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 90.20%. Comparing base (7069606) to head (c94b21f).

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
src/builtin/pre_commit_hooks/debug_statements.rs	97.36%	8 Missing ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@            Coverage Diff             @@
##           master     #886      +/-   ##
==========================================
+ Coverage   90.02%   90.20%   +0.18%     
==========================================
  Files          64       65       +1     
  Lines       11999    12305     +306     
==========================================
+ Hits        10802    11100     +298     
- Misses       1197     1205       +8     

☔ View full report in Codecov by Sentry.
📢 Have feedback on the report? Share it here.

🚀 New features to boost your workflow:

• ❄️ Test Analytics: Detect flaky tests, report on failures, and find test suite problems.