Update iOS versions for V9

[noahsmartin]

Updating this to match the xcconfig file V9 settings

#skip-changelog

Closes #6317

[itaybre]

Can you also update Sentry.podspec, SentryPrivate, SentrySwiftUI.podspec?

[github-actions]

Performance metrics 🚀

	Plain	With Sentry	Diff
Startup time	1221.91 ms	1257.74 ms	35.83 ms
Size	23.75 KiB	990.16 KiB	966.42 KiB

Baseline results on branch: main

Startup times

Revision	Plain	With Sentry	Diff
073562b	1232.63 ms	1259.88 ms	27.24 ms
ccf1278	1226.84 ms	1248.51 ms	21.67 ms
2b02431	1229.63 ms	1248.98 ms	19.35 ms
8d944ac	1236.92 ms	1254.91 ms	18.00 ms
48e5c8a	1223.02 ms	1242.38 ms	19.35 ms
d66f082	1227.08 ms	1247.04 ms	19.96 ms
04ff3ec	1220.71 ms	1253.86 ms	33.15 ms
0dd7283	1230.47 ms	1255.94 ms	25.47 ms
1fecbb8	1242.78 ms	1265.40 ms	22.62 ms
bc0a04c	1226.83 ms	1255.04 ms	28.21 ms

App size

Revision	Plain	With Sentry	Diff
073562b	23.75 KiB	927.06 KiB	903.31 KiB
ccf1278	23.75 KiB	877.15 KiB	853.40 KiB
2b02431	23.75 KiB	850.73 KiB	826.98 KiB
8d944ac	23.75 KiB	919.69 KiB	895.94 KiB
48e5c8a	23.75 KiB	913.63 KiB	889.88 KiB
d66f082	23.75 KiB	928.85 KiB	905.10 KiB
04ff3ec	23.75 KiB	880.26 KiB	856.52 KiB
0dd7283	23.74 KiB	997.28 KiB	973.53 KiB
1fecbb8	23.75 KiB	969.28 KiB	945.53 KiB
bc0a04c	23.75 KiB	933.32 KiB	909.57 KiB

[codecov]

Codecov Report

✅ All modified and coverable lines are covered by tests.
⚠️ Please upload report for BASE (main@854ca12). Learn more about missing BASE report.
⚠️ Report is 1 commits behind head on main.
✅ All tests successful. No failed tests found.

Additional details and impacted files

@@           Coverage Diff            @@
##             main     #6316   +/-   ##
========================================
  Coverage        ?   86.840%           
========================================
  Files           ?       438           
  Lines           ?     37343           
  Branches        ?     17438           
========================================
  Hits            ?     32429           
  Misses          ?      4869           
  Partials        ?        45           

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[philipphofmann]

LGTM when CI is green, thanks a lot @noahsmartin