Per #41,
The format [of a spelling_language value] is ss or ss-TT.
I intended ss to stand for exactly two characters and TT to stand for exactly two characters. However, as @gustaphe commented in editorconfig/editorconfig-vim#210 (comment) , TT could be read as a variable standing for any ISO 3166 code.
Update the specification to clarify that ss represents exactly two characters and TT represents exactly the two characters of an ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code. Therefore, a spelling_lanugage string as a whole must be exactly two chars (ss) or exactly five chars (ss-TT).