Add NativeAOT on Android test #118037

jtschuster · 2025-07-24T20:49:43Z

Adds a project to run a NativeAOT shared library on Android.

The android test builds a single native library that exports the methods that are expected by the monodroid tests (InitRuntime, SetEnv, ExecEntryPoint, FreeUnmanagedResources). JNI struct definitions are copied to get arg strings from the JNIEnv object.

ApkBuilder no longer needs to compile the monodroid native library, but it does need to add the java .jar from the cryptography library to the apk bundle in order to run crypto operations.

Build targets were updated to account for the new NativeAOT tests, and a new job was added for NativeAOT on android tests.

dotnet-policy-service · 2025-07-24T22:16:16Z

Tagging subscribers to this area: @akoeplinger, @matouskozak, @simonrozsival
See info in area-owners.md if you want to be subscribed.

dotnet-policy-service · 2025-07-24T22:16:16Z

Tagging subscribers to this area: @agocke, @MichalStrehovsky, @jkotas
See info in area-owners.md if you want to be subscribed.

…AppBuilderNaot

src/coreclr/tools/Common/CommandLineHelpers.cs

src/coreclr/nativeaot/BuildIntegration/Microsoft.DotNet.ILCompiler.SingleEntry.targets

risc-vv · 2025-07-25T07:26:09Z

@dotnet/samsung Could you please take a look? These changes may be related to riscv64.

src/tasks/AndroidAppBuilder/ApkBuilder.cs

jtschuster · 2025-07-25T18:01:10Z

/azp run runtime-androidemulator

azure-pipelines · 2025-07-25T18:01:24Z

Azure Pipelines successfully started running 1 pipeline(s).

- Don't use BundleDir for android bundle dir: This is PublishDir when TestSingleFile=true (which it is). Android deletes this dir before packaging, deleting the files that were just published. - Don't add the singleFileTestRunner.cs when the test sets IsFunctionalTest=true - Don't run regular nativeaot smoke tests on android yet. - Enable android tests to publish as libs when TestSingleFile=true (default when TestNativeAOT=true)

…AppBuilderNaot

…/runtime into AndroidAppBuilderNaot

jtschuster · 2025-08-04T22:47:29Z

/azp run runtime-androidemulator

azure-pipelines · 2025-08-04T22:47:43Z

Azure Pipelines successfully started running 1 pipeline(s).

Copilot

Pull Request Overview

This PR adds support for running NativeAOT (Native Ahead-of-Time) compiled applications on Android. The implementation creates a shared library that exports the required JNI methods expected by the Android test infrastructure, eliminating the need for the monodroid runtime while maintaining compatibility with existing test frameworks.

Key changes include:

Added NativeAOT-specific Android test project and JNI interop layer
Updated build infrastructure to support NativeAOT runtime flavor
Modified Android app builder to handle NativeAOT library generation and packaging

Reviewed Changes

Copilot reviewed 16 out of 16 changed files in this pull request and generated 3 comments.

Show a summary per file

File	Description
src/tests/FunctionalTests/Android/Device_Emulator/NativeAOT/Program.cs	Simple test program that validates console output and cryptography functionality
src/tests/FunctionalTests/Android/Device_Emulator/NativeAOT/Android.Device_Emulator.NativeAOT.Test.csproj	Project file configuring NativeAOT compilation with required JNI template inclusion
src/tasks/AndroidAppBuilder/Templates/monodroid-nativeaot.cs	JNI interop layer implementing required Android runtime interface methods
src/tasks/AndroidAppBuilder/Templates/MonoRunner.java	Updated Java template to support dynamic library loading statements
src/tasks/AndroidAppBuilder/ApkBuilder.cs	Enhanced APK builder with NativeAOT runtime support and library packaging
src/mono/msbuild/android/build/AndroidBuild.targets	Updated build targets to handle NativeAOT runtime flavor and dependencies
src/mono/msbuild/android/build/AndroidBuild.props	Added Android NDK toolchain configuration and NativeAOT build dependencies
src/libraries/tests.proj	Modified test project inclusion logic for NativeAOT Android tests
src/coreclr/nativeaot/Runtime/interoplibinterface_java.cpp	Added missing thread.inl include for Java interop
src/coreclr/nativeaot/BuildIntegration/Microsoft.NETCore.Native.Unix.targets	Extended cross-compilation support for android- RID prefix
src/coreclr/nativeaot/BuildIntegration/Microsoft.DotNet.ILCompiler.SingleEntry.targets	Added Android bionic libc flavor detection
eng/testing/tests.singlefile.targets	Conditional OutputType and compilation adjustments for Android NativeAOT
eng/testing/tests.android.targets	Removed redundant AndroidBundleDir property assignment
eng/pipelines/extra-platforms/runtime-extra-platforms-androidemulator.yml	Added CI pipeline job for NativeAOT Android emulator testing
eng/pipelines/extra-platforms/runtime-extra-platforms-android.yml	Added CI pipeline job for NativeAOT Android device testing

src/tasks/AndroidAppBuilder/Templates/monodroid-nativeaot.cs

jtschuster · 2025-08-05T20:21:01Z

/azp run runtime-androidemulator

azure-pipelines · 2025-08-05T20:21:16Z

Azure Pipelines successfully started running 1 pipeline(s).

filipnavara · 2025-08-06T03:23:49Z

There's one thing that we should still fix:

--- a/src/coreclr/tools/aot/ILCompiler.Build.Tasks/ComputeManagedAssembliesToCompileToNative.cs
+++ b/src/coreclr/tools/aot/ILCompiler.Build.Tasks/ComputeManagedAssembliesToCompileToNative.cs
@@ -130,7 +130,9 @@ public override bool Execute()
                     continue;
                 }

-                if (isFromRuntimePack && taskItem.GetMetadata("AssetType")?.Equals("native", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) == true)
+                if (isFromRuntimePack && taskItem.GetMetadata("AssetType")?.Equals("native", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) == true &&
+                    !assemblyFileName.EndsWith(".jar", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) &&
+                    !assemblyFileName.EndsWith(".dex", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
                 {
                     // Skip the native components of the runtime pack, we don't need them for NativeAOT.
                     assembliesToSkipPublish.Add(taskItem);

The native assets of the Android runtime files now contain the .jar/.dex files for libSystem.Security.Cryptography.Android. We should not strip them in ComputeManagedAssembliesToCompileToNative build target to keep the HTTP stack working.

filipnavara

I tested that it makes the Android runtime pack into functional state that can be consumed on the workload side and used to build a whole app. Obviously there's still work that has to be done on the consumption side (dotnet/android) but having an end-to-end scenrio running is a good start:

One thing that still needs to be resolved is who is responsible for exporting the JNI symbol for Java_net_dot_android_crypto_DotnetProxyTrustManager_verifyRemoteCertificate in case of the builds that link the crypto libraries statically. Presumably that can and will be done on the Android workload side with something like <IlcArg Include="--export-dynamic-symbol:Java_net_dot_android_crypto_DotnetProxyTrustManager_verifyRemoteCertificate" />.

vitek-karas · 2025-08-06T08:52:43Z

@filipnavara maybe this will solve the JNI export problem for crypto: #108513

filipnavara · 2025-08-06T08:56:54Z

@filipnavara maybe this will solve the JNI export problem for crypto: #108513

Yes, that's part of the solution. There's an issue for CoreCLR integration filed at dotnet/android#10324 that has a bit more context.

jtschuster · 2025-08-06T15:06:53Z

/azp run runtime-androidemulator

azure-pipelines · 2025-08-06T15:07:09Z

Azure Pipelines successfully started running 1 pipeline(s).

src/coreclr/nativeaot/BuildIntegration/Microsoft.NETCore.Native.Unix.targets

jtschuster · 2025-08-11T17:00:51Z

/ba-g failures are unrelated

NativeAOT Android test working locally

060ffd3

github-actions bot added the area-Infrastructure-mono label Jul 24, 2025

dotnet-policy-service bot assigned jtschuster Jul 24, 2025

jtschuster added 2 commits July 24, 2025 22:05

Undo extra changes, add reference in tests.proj

a3d30c1

Remove emtpy 'if' case

ae6a9ce

jtschuster added os-android area-NativeAOT-coreclr labels Jul 24, 2025

Merge branch 'main' of https://github.com/dotnet/runtime into Android…

5797ccc

…AppBuilderNaot

VSadov mentioned this pull request Jul 24, 2025

[RuntimeAsync] Tweak some reflection scenarios around async methods. #118045

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4 tasks

jkotas reviewed Jul 24, 2025

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jkotas reviewed Jul 24, 2025

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src/coreclr/nativeaot/BuildIntegration/Microsoft.DotNet.ILCompiler.SingleEntry.targets Outdated Show resolved Hide resolved

Remove extra android->linux translations

68b972a

vitek-karas requested review from simonrozsival, kotlarmilos and davidnguyen-tech July 25, 2025 11:46

davidnguyen-tech reviewed Jul 25, 2025

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src/tasks/AndroidAppBuilder/ApkBuilder.cs Outdated Show resolved Hide resolved

Remove redundant IsNativeAOT check

044b176

This was referenced Jul 25, 2025

slow macOS - "##[error]The job running on agent Azure Pipelines 9 ran longer than the maximum time of 60 minutes." dotnet/dnceng#1883

Open

The Operation will be canceled. The next steps may not contain expected logs. dotnet/dnceng#3008

Open

jtschuster added 3 commits July 28, 2025 18:04

Merge branch 'main' of https://github.com/dotnet/runtime into Android…

ce32f11

…AppBuilderNaot

Fix apkbuilder.cs errors after merge

87a4cca

jtschuster added 2 commits August 4, 2025 21:34

DirectPInvoke and DirectPInvokeList is not plural in naot

6a7b918

Merge branch 'AndroidAppBuilderNaot' of https://github.com/jtschuster…

1b05d92

…/runtime into AndroidAppBuilderNaot

build-analysis bot mentioned this pull request Aug 5, 2025

ProcessThreadTests.TestStartTimeProperty failure in CI #105526

Open

jtschuster marked this pull request as ready for review August 5, 2025 17:41

Copilot AI review requested due to automatic review settings August 5, 2025 17:41

jtschuster requested a review from vitek-karas as a code owner August 5, 2025 17:41

Copilot AI reviewed Aug 5, 2025

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src/tasks/AndroidAppBuilder/Templates/monodroid-nativeaot.cs Show resolved Hide resolved

src/tasks/AndroidAppBuilder/Templates/monodroid-nativeaot.cs Show resolved Hide resolved

src/tasks/AndroidAppBuilder/Templates/monodroid-nativeaot.cs Outdated Show resolved Hide resolved

jtschuster added 3 commits August 5, 2025 19:43

Add null checks in JNI code

5a0413b

Condition CoreCLR tests on the build not being for NativeAOT

222b805

Run android tests unconditionally in extra-platforms builds

b61f83c

Copy Java files to publish dir, don't search for them in build dir

ef83aa7

filipnavara approved these changes Aug 6, 2025

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build-analysis bot mentioned this pull request Aug 6, 2025

[Android] SocketsHttpHandler_HttpClientHandler_SslProtocols_Test failures #118350

Closed

jtschuster requested a review from agocke August 8, 2025 18:05

jtschuster added this to AppModel Aug 8, 2025

agocke approved these changes Aug 9, 2025

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src/coreclr/nativeaot/BuildIntegration/Microsoft.NETCore.Native.Unix.targets Show resolved Hide resolved

am11 reviewed Aug 10, 2025

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NayYeMaram approved these changes Aug 10, 2025

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jtschuster merged commit 1e322fd into dotnet:main Aug 11, 2025
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github-project-automation bot moved this to Done in AppModel Aug 11, 2025

Add NativeAOT on Android test #118037

Add NativeAOT on Android test #118037

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