[#1571] fix(server): Memory may leak when EventInvalidException occurs #1574

leslizhang · 2024-03-13T09:33:10Z

What changes were proposed in this pull request?

In the implementation of the methods flushBuffer, handleEventAndUpdateMetrics, and removeBufferByShuffleId, read-write locks have been added to manage concurrency. This ensures that a ShuffleBuffer successfully converted into a flushEvent won't be cleaned up again by removeBufferByShuffleId, and a ShuffleBuffer already cleaned up by removeBufferByShuffleId won't be transformed back into a flushEvent. This effectively resolves the concurrency issue.

Why are the changes needed?

Fix #1571 & #1560 & #1542

The key logic of the PR is as follows:

Before this PR:

A ShuffleBuffer is turned into a FlushEvent, and its blocks and size are cleared
→
The FlushEvent is added to the flushing queue
→
The method removeBufferByShuffleId is executed, which causes the following things to happen:

3.1. Running the following code snippet, but please note that in the code below, buffer.getBlocks() is empty and size is 0, because of the step 1 above:

for (ShuffleBuffer buffer : buffers) {
  buffer.getBlocks().forEach(spb -> spb.getData().release());
  ShuffleServerMetrics.gaugeTotalPartitionNum.dec();
  size += buffer.getSize();
}

3.2. appId is removed from the bufferPool
→
4. The FlushEvent is taken out from the queue and encounters an EventInvalidException because the appId was removed before
→
5. When handling the EventInvalidException, nothing is done and the event.doCleanup() method is not called, causing a memory leak.
Of course, this is just one scenario of concurrency exceptions. In the previous code, without locking, in the processFlushEvent method, it is possible that the event may become invalid at any time when continuing executing in processFlushEvent method, which is why there is #1542. Also, there is #1560.

After this PR:
We will set a read lock for steps 1 and 2 above, a write lock for step 3, a read lock for step 4, and when encountering an EventInvalidException in step 5, we will call the event.doCleanup() method to release the memory.

In this way, we can ensure the following things when resources are being cleaned up:

ShuffleBuffers that have not yet been converted to FlushEvents will not be converted in the future, but will be directly cleaned up.
FlushEvents that have been converted from ShuffleBuffers will definitely encounter an EventInvalidException, and we will eventually handle this exception correctly, releasing memory.
If there is already a FlushEvent being processed and it is about to be flushed to disk, the resource cleanup task will wait for all FlushEvents related to the appId to be completed before starting the cleanup task, ensuring that the cleanup and flushing tasks are completely independent and do not interfere with each other.

Does this PR introduce any user-facing change?

No.

How was this patch tested?

Existing UTs.

rickyma · 2024-03-13T09:40:49Z

@jerqi @zuston PTAL.

github-actions · 2024-03-13T10:48:52Z

Test Results

2 340 files ±0 2 340 suites ±0 4h 32m 2s ⏱️ -26s
908 tests ±0 907 ✅ ±0 1 💤 ±0 0 ❌ ±0
10 541 runs ±0 10 527 ✅ ±0 14 💤 ±0 0 ❌ ±0

Results for commit 1786106. ± Comparison against base commit c3c0c37.

♻️ This comment has been updated with latest results.

zuston · 2024-03-14T01:57:22Z

I want to know that if the flush event has been pushed into handler queue before the app is expired, what will happen when this event is handling but app has been expired?

advancedxy

Did a quick look.

It seems that you don't add a new test that demonstrate the memory leak issue. Would you mind to add a test cases that indeed fixes the concurrency issues.

advancedxy · 2024-03-14T03:28:55Z

server/src/main/java/org/apache/uniffle/server/ShuffleTaskManager.java

-        taskInfo.getCommitLocks().remove(shuffleId);
+      LOG.info("Start remove resource for appId[{}], shuffleIds[{}]", appId, shuffleIds);
+      final long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
+      final ShuffleTaskInfo taskInfo = shuffleTaskInfos.get(appId);


I think we need to limit the lock scope here.

writeLock.lock() should be started here rather than from the beginning of the method.

I think we need to limit the lock scope here.

writeLock.lock() should be started here rather than from the beginning of the method.

Cleaning up resources is not a frequent operation. It only happens when an appId expires and is removed, or when unregistering a shuffleId. Therefore, I don't think there's a need to narrow the scope of the lock, as it won't cause any performance bottlenecks. And the code will be more readable.
Also, we have conducted performance stress tests on this PR and it does not impact performance.

Therefore, I don't think there's a need to narrow the scope of the lock, as it won't cause any performance bottlenecks.

I don't think the rational for not narrowing down the lock scope is that it won't cause any performance issues. Narrowing down the lock scope usually helps reduces potential deadlock issues, for example, when the lock scope is long enough, it's more possible that another operation(with locking) is added by later developers without knowing it would cause dead locks. Therefore, it's considered best practice to always narrow down lock scope.

For this particular case though, other methods already have long lock scope, which should be addressed later. I'm ok to leave it as it is for now.

advancedxy · 2024-03-14T03:30:46Z

server/src/main/java/org/apache/uniffle/server/buffer/ShuffleBufferManager.java

-        event.markOwnedByHugePartition();
+
+    ReentrantReadWriteLock.ReadLock readLock = shuffleTaskManager.getAppReadLock(appId);
+    readLock.lock();


advancedxy · 2024-03-14T03:48:05Z

server/src/main/java/org/apache/uniffle/server/buffer/ShuffleBufferManager.java

+              endPartition,
+              shuffleFlushManager.getDataDistributionType(appId));
+      if (event != null) {
+        event.setReadLock(readLock);


This doesn't seem idiomatic.
A more appropriate way would be that passing the read lock to the constructor of ShuffleDataFlushEvent and the readLock shall never be changed after construction.

The lock logic could be hide behind the ShuffleDataFlushEvent internal processing logic or exposed by:

Class ShuffleDataFlushEvent { <T> T withReadLock(Supplier<T> action) { readLock.lock(); try { return action.get(); } finally { readLock.unlock(); } } }

The code has been refactored, no need to do this anymore.

… occurs

codecov-commenter · 2024-03-15T13:38:30Z

Codecov Report

Attention: Patch coverage is 83.33333% with 10 lines in your changes are missing coverage. Please review.

Project coverage is 54.95%. Comparing base (9737d57) to head (6385268).
Report is 5 commits behind head on master.

Files	Patch %	Lines
.../org/apache/uniffle/server/ShuffleTaskManager.java	81.81%	4 Missing and 2 partials ⚠️
...he/uniffle/server/buffer/ShuffleBufferManager.java	78.94%	3 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff              @@
##             master    #1574      +/-   ##
============================================
+ Coverage     53.96%   54.95%   +0.98%     
- Complexity     2858     2861       +3     
============================================
  Files           438      418      -20     
  Lines         24793    22480    -2313     
  Branches       2109     2113       +4     
============================================
- Hits          13379    12353    -1026     
+ Misses        10576     9356    -1220     
+ Partials        838      771      -67

☔ View full report in Codecov by Sentry.
📢 Have feedback on the report? Share it here.

rickyma · 2024-03-15T17:52:16Z

I want to know that if the flush event has been pushed into handler queue before the app is expired, what will happen when this event is handling but app has been expired?

To make it clear for everyone, I will try to explain this issue in detail.

Before this PR:

A ShuffleBuffer is turned into a FlushEvent, and its blocks and size are cleared
→
The FlushEvent is added to the flushing queue
→
The method removeBufferByShuffleId is executed, which causes the following things to happen:

3.1. Running the following code snippet, but please note that in the code below, buffer.getBlocks() is empty and size is 0, because of the step 1 above:

for (ShuffleBuffer buffer : buffers) {
  buffer.getBlocks().forEach(spb -> spb.getData().release());
  ShuffleServerMetrics.gaugeTotalPartitionNum.dec();
  size += buffer.getSize();
}

3.2. appId is removed from the bufferPool
→
4. The FlushEvent is taken out from the queue and encounters an EventInvalidException because the appId was removed before
→
5. When handling the EventInvalidException, nothing is done and the event.doCleanup() method is not called, causing a memory leak.
Of course, this is just one scenario of concurrency exceptions. In the previous code, without locking, in the processFlushEvent method, it is possible that the event may become invalid at any time when continuing executing in processFlushEvent method, which is why there is #1542. Also, there is #1560.

After this PR:
We will set a read lock for steps 1 and 2 above, a write lock for step 3, a read lock for step 4, and when encountering an EventInvalidException in step 5, we will call the event.doCleanup() method to release the memory.

In this way, we can ensure the following things when resources are being cleaned up:

ShuffleBuffers that have not yet been converted to FlushEvents will not be converted in the future, but will be directly cleaned up.
FlushEvents that have been converted from ShuffleBuffers will definitely encounter an EventInvalidException, and we will eventually handle this exception correctly, releasing memory.
If there is already a FlushEvent being processed and it is about to be flushed to disk, the resource cleanup task will wait for all FlushEvents related to the appId to be completed before starting the cleanup task, ensuring that the cleanup and flushing tasks are completely independent and do not interfere with each other.

rickyma · 2024-03-15T17:55:46Z

@advancedxy PTAL again, the code is updated. I don't think we need to add new UTs. Because in this PR, we have already added locks into existing UTs. If anything goes wrong, we will know it.

rickyma · 2024-03-15T17:56:26Z

@jerqi @zuston Please rebuild this PR, thanks.

rickyma · 2024-03-15T18:05:55Z

This PR should be merged ASAP, because this issue is a deeply hidden and serious problem.

jerqi · 2024-03-16T06:32:33Z

I want to know that if the flush event has been pushed into handler queue before the app is expired, what will happen when this event is handling but app has been expired?

To make it clear for everyone, I will try to explain this issue in detail.

Before this PR:

A ShuffleBuffer is turned into a FlushEvent, and its blocks and size are cleared
→

The FlushEvent is added to the flushing queue
→

The method removeBufferByShuffleId is executed, which causes the following things to happen:

3.1. Running the following code snippet, but please note that in the code below, buffer.getBlocks() is empty and size is 0, because of the step 1 above:
for (ShuffleBuffer buffer : buffers) {
  buffer.getBlocks().forEach(spb -> spb.getData().release());
  ShuffleServerMetrics.gaugeTotalPartitionNum.dec();
  size += buffer.getSize();
}
3.2. appId is removed from the bufferPool → 4. The FlushEvent is taken out from the queue and encounters an EventInvalidException because the appId was removed before → 5. When handling the EventInvalidException, nothing is done and the event.doCleanup() method is not called, causing a memory leak. Of course, this is just one scenario of concurrency exceptions. In the previous code, without locking, in the processFlushEvent method, it is possible that the event may become invalid at any time when continuing executing in processFlushEvent method, which is why there is #1542. Also, there is #1560.

After this PR: We will set a read lock for steps 1 and 2 above, a write lock for step 3, a read lock for step 4, and when encountering an EventInvalidException in step 5, we will call the event.doCleanup() method to release the memory.

In this way, we can ensure the following things when resources are being cleaned up:

ShuffleBuffers that have not yet been converted to FlushEvents will not be converted in the future, but will be directly cleaned up.

FlushEvents that have been converted from ShuffleBuffers will definitely encounter an EventInvalidException, and we will eventually handle this exception correctly, releasing memory.

If there is already a FlushEvent being processed and it is about to be flushed to disk, the resource cleanup task will wait for all FlushEvents related to the appId to be completed before starting the cleanup task, ensuring that the cleanup and flushing tasks are completely independent and do not interfere with each other.

@leslizhang Could you update this to the description of pull request? Could you add a ut for this case?

leslizhang · 2024-03-16T09:18:05Z

I want to know that if the flush event has been pushed into handler queue before the app is expired, what will happen when this event is handling but app has been expired?

To make it clear for everyone, I will try to explain this issue in detail.
Before this PR:

A ShuffleBuffer is turned into a FlushEvent, and its blocks and size are cleared
→

The FlushEvent is added to the flushing queue
→

The method removeBufferByShuffleId is executed, which causes the following things to happen:

3.1. Running the following code snippet, but please note that in the code below, buffer.getBlocks() is empty and size is 0, because of the step 1 above:
for (ShuffleBuffer buffer : buffers) {
  buffer.getBlocks().forEach(spb -> spb.getData().release());
  ShuffleServerMetrics.gaugeTotalPartitionNum.dec();
  size += buffer.getSize();
}
3.2. appId is removed from the bufferPool → 4. The FlushEvent is taken out from the queue and encounters an EventInvalidException because the appId was removed before → 5. When handling the EventInvalidException, nothing is done and the event.doCleanup() method is not called, causing a memory leak. Of course, this is just one scenario of concurrency exceptions. In the previous code, without locking, in the processFlushEvent method, it is possible that the event may become invalid at any time when continuing executing in processFlushEvent method, which is why there is #1542. Also, there is #1560.
After this PR: We will set a read lock for steps 1 and 2 above, a write lock for step 3, a read lock for step 4, and when encountering an EventInvalidException in step 5, we will call the event.doCleanup() method to release the memory.
In this way, we can ensure the following things when resources are being cleaned up:

ShuffleBuffers that have not yet been converted to FlushEvents will not be converted in the future, but will be directly cleaned up.

FlushEvents that have been converted from ShuffleBuffers will definitely encounter an EventInvalidException, and we will eventually handle this exception correctly, releasing memory.

If there is already a FlushEvent being processed and it is about to be flushed to disk, the resource cleanup task will wait for all FlushEvents related to the appId to be completed before starting the cleanup task, ensuring that the cleanup and flushing tasks are completely independent and do not interfere with each other.
@leslizhang Could you update this to the description of pull request? Could you add a ut for this case?

Thank you for the suggestion.

Could you update this to the description of pull request?

done

Could you add a ut for this case?

A bit more suggestion:
The essence of this PR is to add lock control to the read and write operations of blocks in the shuffle server memory: tasks to delete blocks add write locks (considered as write operations on blocks), and tasks to flush blocks (including the conversion of blocks to events, and the flushing operation of generated events) add read locks. This PR does not change the processing flow of block lifecycle. For UTs, the logic of read-write lock synchronization has been added to all previous unit tests(ShuffleBufferManagerTest,ShuffleFlushManagerTest, etc.) for caching block or flushing block. That is to say, the unit testing of the PR is implemented by adapting and modifying the previous unit test code.
thx again.@jerqi

jerqi · 2024-03-16T14:01:55Z

OK for me. Let others take another look.

rickyma · 2024-03-18T02:29:00Z

ping @zuston @advancedxy

advancedxy · 2024-03-18T03:55:55Z

I don't think we need to add new UTs. Because in this PR, we have already added locks into existing UTs. If anything goes wrong, we will know it.

For UTs, the logic of read-write lock synchronization has been added to all previous unit tests(ShuffleBufferManagerTest,ShuffleFlushManagerTest, etc.) for caching block or flushing block. That is to say, the unit testing of the PR is implemented by adapting and modifying the previous unit test code.

Hmmm, I think the new unit test cases means that is it possible to adding new UTs to demonstrate the issues you described in your PR? Since concurrency issues are happened in production env, they indicates that the existing UTs doesn't cover the concurrency issues.

If it's too hard or too complicated to add cases like that, you can simply state that and I think we are fine to merge it for now. Otherwise, the existing test cases cannot prove you have indeed fixed the concurrency issues.

zuston

LGTM overall. I also hope this concurrency problem could be included in test cases. I know the lock ensures the remove + purge events sequences, but we'd better to add tests to make sure avoid changing the logic in the future

zuston · 2024-03-18T06:24:38Z

server/src/main/java/org/apache/uniffle/server/ShuffleDataFlushEvent.java

  private final long size;
  private final List<ShufflePartitionedBlock> shuffleBlocks;
  private final Supplier<Boolean> valid;
+


remove this.

leslizhang · 2024-03-18T06:39:26Z

I don't think we need to add new UTs. Because in this PR, we have already added locks into existing UTs. If anything goes wrong, we will know it.

For UTs, the logic of read-write lock synchronization has been added to all previous unit tests(ShuffleBufferManagerTest,ShuffleFlushManagerTest, etc.) for caching block or flushing block. That is to say, the unit testing of the PR is implemented by adapting and modifying the previous unit test code.

Hmmm, I think the new unit test cases means that is it possible to adding new UTs to demonstrate the issues you described in your PR? Since concurrency issues are happened in production env, they indicates that the existing UTs doesn't cover the concurrency issues.

If it's too hard or too complicated to add cases like that, you can simply state that and I think we are fine to merge it for now. Otherwise, the existing test cases cannot prove you have indeed fixed the concurrency issues.

This is not a consistently reproducible issue, so it is difficult to conduct positive and negative tests. We have already run more than 10 20TB TPCH SQL tests in our stress test environment without encountering any problems. Before fixing this issue, the frequency of its occurrence was relatively high. @advancedxy

… occurs

rickyma · 2024-03-18T06:52:50Z

@zuston @advancedxy I think we can merge this for now.

zuston · 2024-03-18T07:22:40Z

This is not a consistently reproducible issue, so it is difficult to conduct positive and negative tests. We have already run more than 10 20TB TPCH SQL tests in our stress test environment without encountering any problems. Before fixing this issue, the frequency of its occurrence was relatively high. @advancedxy

Got your point, but unit test could mock this problem.

zuston · 2024-03-18T07:24:00Z

@zuston @advancedxy I think we can merge this for now.

If you insist, I will merge this before completing the unit tests. But I hope the test cases could be added later in another PR.

Anyway, current fix is LGTM. Merged/

…n` occurs (apache#1574) In the implementation of the methods `flushBuffer`, `handleEventAndUpdateMetrics`, and `removeBufferByShuffleId`, read-write locks have been added to manage concurrency. This ensures that a `ShuffleBuffer` successfully converted into a `flushEvent` won't be cleaned up again by `removeBufferByShuffleId`, and a `ShuffleBuffer` already cleaned up by `removeBufferByShuffleId` won't be transformed back into a `flushEvent`. This effectively resolves the concurrency issue. Fix apache#1571 & apache#1560 & apache#1542 The key logic of the PR is as follows: Before this PR: 1. A `ShuffleBuffer` is turned into a `FlushEvent`, and **_its blocks and size are cleared_** → 2. The `FlushEvent` is added to the flushing queue → 3. The method `removeBufferByShuffleId` is executed, which causes the following things to happen: 3.1. Running the following code snippet, but please note that in the code below, `buffer.getBlocks()` **_is empty and size is 0_**, because of the step 1 above: ``` for (ShuffleBuffer buffer : buffers) { buffer.getBlocks().forEach(spb -> spb.getData().release()); ShuffleServerMetrics.gaugeTotalPartitionNum.dec(); size += buffer.getSize(); } ``` 3.2. `appId` is removed from the `bufferPool` → 4. The `FlushEvent` is taken out from the queue and encounters an `EventInvalidException` because the `appId` was removed before → 5. When handling the `EventInvalidException`, nothing is done and the `event.doCleanup()` method **_is not called, causing a memory leak_**. Of course, this is just one scenario of concurrency exceptions. In the previous code, without locking, in the `processFlushEvent` method, it is possible that the event may become invalid at any time when continuing executing in `processFlushEvent` method, which is why there is apache#1542. Also, there is apache#1560. --- After this PR: We will set a read lock for steps 1 and 2 above, a write lock for step 3, a read lock for step 4, and when encountering an `EventInvalidException` in step 5, we will call the `event.doCleanup()` method to release the memory. In this way, we can ensure the following things when resources are being cleaned up: 1. `ShuffleBuffers` that have not yet been converted to `FlushEvents` will not be converted in the future, but will be directly cleaned up. 2. `FlushEvents` that have been converted from `ShuffleBuffers` will definitely encounter an `EventInvalidException`, and we will eventually handle this exception correctly, releasing memory. 3. If there is already a `FlushEvent` being processed and it is about to be flushed to disk, the resource cleanup task will wait for all `FlushEvents` related to the `appId` to be completed before starting the cleanup task, ensuring that the cleanup and flushing tasks are completely independent and do not interfere with each other. No. Existing UTs. --------- Co-authored-by: leslizhang <[email protected]>

leslizhang force-pushed the issue-1572 branch from 694100a to e3f730a Compare March 13, 2024 09:48

jerqi requested a review from zuston March 13, 2024 10:07

leslizhang force-pushed the issue-1572 branch from e3f730a to cc6d990 Compare March 13, 2024 12:31

advancedxy reviewed Mar 14, 2024

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leslizhang force-pushed the issue-1572 branch 4 times, most recently from 41e12ae to dbaeb06 Compare March 15, 2024 06:24

[apache#1571] fix(server): Memory may leak when EventInvalidException…

7d6c01c

… occurs

leslizhang force-pushed the issue-1572 branch from dbaeb06 to 7d6c01c Compare March 15, 2024 12:46

rickyma mentioned this pull request Mar 15, 2024

[FEATURE] Add metrics about block size distribution, either overall or on a per-application basis. #1585

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rickyma approved these changes Mar 16, 2024

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zuston reviewed Mar 18, 2024

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[apache#1571] fix(server): Memory may leak when EventInvalidException…

6385268

… occurs

leslizhang force-pushed the issue-1572 branch from 1786106 to 6385268 Compare March 18, 2024 06:43

zuston approved these changes Mar 18, 2024

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zuston merged commit d851b2e into apache:master Mar 18, 2024

rickyma mentioned this pull request Apr 7, 2024

[#1608][part-2] fix(spark): avoid releasing block in advance when enable block resend #1610

Merged

This was referenced May 8, 2024

[#1680] improvement(server): Remove partial HDFS files that written by server self for expired apps #1681

Merged

[Bug] IllegalReferenceCountException in Shuffle Server #1477

Closed

[#1571] fix(server): Memory may leak when EventInvalidException occurs #1574

[#1571] fix(server): Memory may leak when EventInvalidException occurs #1574

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