[C++][FS][Azure] Azure CLI authentation

[Tom-Newton]

Describe the enhancement requested

Child of #38598

Add support for Azure CLI auth. Should work on any system where you have run az login.

https://github.com/Azure/azure-sdk-for-cpp/blob/main/sdk/identity/azure-identity/src/azure_cli_credential.cpp

Component(s)

C++

[felipecrv]

Note: this auth method is part of the default auth chain of the Azure SDK which is already available either implicitly of via AzureOptions::ConfigureDefaultCredential().

[kou]

Can we close this?

[felipecrv]

Can we close this?

What you think @Tom-Newton? Is there value in explicitly requesting CLI authentication instead of getting it from default behavior?

[Tom-Newton]

I wouldn't close it. Probably this provides quite a small benefit, but a benefit nonetheless and I think it's very easy for us to implement this.

There have been lots of times I've wanted to use some tool, only to find Azure Auth options are lacking, so I'm keen to be comprehensive here.

[Tom-Newton]

take