[Python][Packaging] Move Windows wheel build to more recent Visual Studio

[asfimport]

We recently decided to remove support for Visual Studio 2017:
https://lists.apache.org/thread/rcqkx19gpfjlkyvrhxfsrckktrdrzm2p

The Docker image for building Windows wheels should then be updated, for example to Visual Studio 2019:

arrow/ci/docker/python-wheel-windows-vs2017.dockerfile

Lines 21 to 23 in d3d6371

	# based on mcr.microsoft.com/windows/servercore:ltsc2019
	# contains choco and vs2017 preinstalled
	FROM abrarov/msvc-2017:2.11.0

Reporter: Antoine Pitrou / @pitrou
Assignee: Antoine Pitrou / @pitrou

PRs and other links:

• GitHub Pull Request #14021

_{Note: This issue was originally created as ARROW-17592. Please see the migration documentation for further details.}

[asfimport]

Antoine Pitrou / @pitrou:
cc @kou

[kou]

Done by #39622/#39621.