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Block API: Add block visibility control support and UI #71203

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@t-hamano t-hamano commented Aug 14, 2025

First implementation for #50756

What?

This PR adds a new block API and UI for toggling block visibility in the frontend in both the frontend and the editor..

Note: First of all, I would like to discuss why this feature is necessary and what kind of extensibility it can potentially offer in the future. Any feedback would be appreciated.

Why?

Sometimes users may want to edit blocks in the backend without affecting the frontend, for example, a section that is not yet ready to be published.

How?

Implementation details are as follows. Many of the specifications are similar to Block Lock.

  • Add a new blockVisibility block support except for some generic blocks, which defaults to true. When a block is hidden, its state is saved in attributes.metadata.blockVisibility.
  • Add a new isBlockHidden private selector to the @wordpress/block-editor package.
  • Adds a menu item to the block settings dropdown to change the block's visibility.
  • In the editor, when the blockVisibility attribute is false:
    • Visually hides the block when it or any of its child blocks are not selected.
    • Displays a button in the toolbar that can also be used to toggle visibility.
    • Displays an icon in the List View.
    • In the List view, the visibility of multiple blocks can be changed simultaneously.

Testing Instructions

  • Insert a block or pattern.
  • Hide the block from the block settings dropdown.
  • Deselect the block and confirm that the block is striped.
  • Confirm that the block is not rendered in the frontend

Testing Instructions for Keyboard

In the List View, use the Tab key to focus on the hidden block. Your screen reader should announce something like this:

Paragraph my-anchor  link  Block 1 of 4, Level 1. Block is hidden.

Screenshots or screencast

7e3b756925b3e09bc0c6050f75602f49.mp4

Tasks

Below is a list of things I can think of that need to be addressed and discussed.

  • Add core backport PR
  • Add some e2e tests
  • Should the block be visually hidden in the editor as well as the frontend? This may cause problems with editing with the block. For example, unless the List View is open, the user will not know that there are hidden blocks there, and nothing visually should happen when, for example, moving up a block next to a hidden block via the block toolbar.
  • How should we enhance this block support in the future? One of the main requests would be to be able to hide blocks based on some rulesets. You can see an example of this request in this comment: Add option to hide blocks #50756 (comment)
  • If the block is hidden on the frontend, CSS and JS should not be enqueued. This may eventually be achieved in Avoid enqueueing scripts and styles for a block unless content is rendered wordpress-develop#9213.
  • List View items may already have a lot of metadata rendered. While this is not required, we may need to reorganize the information we want to display in the List View. See List view: the 'sticky' information is only visual #59409 (comment)

@t-hamano t-hamano self-assigned this Aug 14, 2025
@t-hamano t-hamano added [Feature] Block API API that allows to express the block paradigm. Needs Design Feedback Needs general design feedback. [Feature] List View Menu item in the top toolbar to select blocks from a list of links. [Type] New API New API to be used by plugin developers or package users. labels Aug 14, 2025
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github-actions bot commented Aug 14, 2025

Size Change: +2 kB (+0.1%)

Total Size: 1.92 MB

Filename Size Change
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build/block-editor/style.css 15.9 kB +9 B (+0.06%)
build/block-library/index.min.js 233 kB +31 B (+0.01%)
ℹ️ View Unchanged
Filename Size
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@t-hamano t-hamano requested review from a team, talldan and mikachan and removed request for a team, talldan and mikachan August 14, 2025 07:02
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@jasmussen
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Nice work. I just shared some mockups in the main issue, which instead of dimming/overlaying the hidden block, actually hides it. In my comment I acknowledge the pros and cons to doing that, but since you already have a PR ready, I'm wondering if actually testing out the theory with something real isn't the best way to help decide. Beyond surfacing the potential need for focus handling, my hope is it'll make the behavior very obvious and intuitive in a way that opens up future opportunities. What do you think?

@annezazu
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Working well thus far :) Thanks for all your efforts here. It's interesting to try this with inner blocks/container blocks. I think we can learn a lot from block locking here in terms of UX:

hiding.blocks.mov

@ramonjd
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ramonjd commented Aug 14, 2025

which instead of dimming/overlaying the hidden block, actually hides it.

I'd suggest that both would actually be useful (also commented something to that effect in the issue):

  • Dimming/overlaying to make it obvious to the editor user which blocks are hidden and where. (or at least some non-annoying and unobtrusive way for a user to map out all hidden block locations in the block tree)
  • A toggle for hiding all/individual blocks in the editor to show a preview of what the frontend would look like

Future compatibility with breakpoints or other variables can be left open if we keep the data structure flexible, though @t-hamano has already thought about this.

Oh, I don't know, something like:

<!-- wp:paragraph {
	"metadata":{
		"blockVisibility": [
            {
				"type": "breakpoint",
				"value": "var:preset|breakpoint|small",
			}
          ],
	}
} -->
...

@t-hamano
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I've been experimenting with visually hiding blocks in the editor.

My first attempt was to simply not render the block when it's not selected. As expected, this caused some issues:

  • There was no visual change when moving a block up or down.
  • The insertion indicator didn't work properly when dragging a block, and I couldn't move the block.
Video
b20c717a1766a916e3ed3ce5f9ea12b2.mp4

To solve this, I tried the following approach:

  • Hide the block when it's not selected.
  • However, render a small placeholder when a sibling block is selected or while dragging any block.
image

This should solve the two problems mentioned above.

The technical details of the approach are as follows:

Let me know what you think!

4f5707495143576a960f84d060761c20.mp4

@jasmussen
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What does it look like, feel like, if you truly just hide it, exactly like in Figma, with no indication in the canvas, no block that appears when selected in the list view? You mention this:

There was no visual change when moving a block up or down.
The insertion indicator didn't work properly when dragging a block, and I couldn't move the block.

1 doesn't seem a problem, you hid the block with an intent for it to not show up, so the lack of visual feedback here is just WYSIWYG.

Can you expand on the second one?

I'm a bit keen to make sure this is properly explored, because it seems like the simplest possible solution, the one that matches the user expectation the most, whereas all the alternatives have tradeoffs. If the main challenges around focus management are taken care of, it might be the smallest PR we can land, to get a feel for it, and options to revisit it could be to add a toggle in preferences to show a placeholder for hidden blocks. In doing so, we can explain the tradeoff in context of the toggle.

@t-hamano
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The insertion indicator didn't work properly when dragging a block, and I couldn't move the block.

The cause of this was that the calculation of the insertion indicator placement failed because the block was visually hidden. Excluding visually hidden blocks seems to work fine.

What's interesting is that indicators appear both above and below visually invisible blocks, even though I didn't add anything special process. This may be preferable, as it means the user can choose whether they can move or insert blocks above or below the hidden block.

4d7ccdf699c24afd0cb7696a3df7e822.mp4

@t-hamano
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Technical Note: Interestingly, I noticed that the isBlockVisible selector and setBlockVisibility action already exist. However, I believe the purpose of these APIs is to treat blocks outside the current canvas as "hidden", improving performance. I tried to extend this API, but decided against it because the original purpose was different.

@talldan
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talldan commented Aug 18, 2025

Technical Note: Interestingly, I noticed that the isBlockVisible selector and setBlockVisibility action already exist. However, I believe the purpose of these APIs is to treat blocks outside the current canvas as "hidden", improving performance. I tried to extend this API, but decided against it because the original purpose was different.

That's a bit frustrating. I think the naming will be confusing for many. Maybe we should deprecate it for a private, renamed alternative (isBlockInViewport). It's the kind of thing that I don't think ever needs to be a public API, but I expect it was introduced before the lock/unlock system existed.

@jasmussen
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What's interesting is that indicators appear both above and below visually invisible blocks, even though I didn't add anything special process. This may be preferable, as it means the user can choose whether they can move or insert blocks above or below the hidden block.

This is interesting, and thanks so much for showing this video. This aspect also surfaces additional options for future exploration as far as where we can take this depending on feedback. That is, perhaps a hidden-block-placeholder could appear as soon as you drag blocks. The context here is a mental mode-shift: now you're rearranging blocks, it makes sense to surface hidden blocks in a way that makes less sense when you're not dragging blocks—that's the preview/editing mode.

Similarly this way of thinking of contexts could surface hidden-block-placeholders in zoom out mode, or in template editing mode (i.e. isolated editing), or simply when you press and hold a modifier key (think holding ⌘ in VSCode to navigate to packages, or holding modifier keys to surface keyboard shortcuts). If need be, this could even be a differentiation between the in-progress Write/Design modes.

To be clear I'm not proposing any one specific path forward with the above, this is mainly sharing some concepts in case they inspire ideas. I also still feel like it would be valuable to move forward with the simplest possible PR, exactly to help spark these ideas. Nice work!

@t-hamano
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That is, perhaps a hidden-block-placeholder could appear as soon as you drag blocks.

You can test it with the latest commit, but I've implemented the following behavior:

bda6ba0fa3af135556f7c7d390667793.mp4

@jasmussen
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Thanks for the iteration. How does it feel to you? Although I can be tempted to start with less than this, the behavior here feels pretty reasonable. There are some visual details around the hidden placeholder that could be worth refining, e.g. perhaps [closed eye icon] Heading may be sufficient and scale to more contexts (such as very narrow containers) etc., which will be useful considering items you might want to hide in the header or footer, other horizontal contexts.

But as is, I think it's probably time to get broader feedback, so another ping to @WordPress/gutenberg-design would be good.

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[Feature] Block API API that allows to express the block paradigm. [Feature] List View Menu item in the top toolbar to select blocks from a list of links. Needs Design Feedback Needs general design feedback. [Type] New API New API to be used by plugin developers or package users.
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5 participants