node-api: add deprecation code of uncaught exception

Deprecation should reference a valid deprecation code.

PR-URL: #44624
Refs: #36510
Reviewed-By: Tobias Nießen <[email protected]>
Reviewed-By: Michael Dawson <[email protected]>

Author: legendecas

doc/api/deprecations.md

@@ -3153,6 +3153,8 @@ Type: Documentation-only
 
 The [`--trace-atomics-wait`][] flag is deprecated.
 
+<!-- md-lint skip-deprecation DEP0166 -->
+
 ### DEP0167: Weak `DiffieHellmanGroup` instances (`modp1`, `modp2`, `modp5`)
 
 <!-- YAML
@@ -3171,12 +3173,34 @@ details.
 These groups might be removed in future versions of Node.js. Applications that
 rely on these groups should evaluate using stronger MODP groups instead.
 
+### DEP0168: Unhandled exception in Node-API callbacks
+
+<!-- YAML
+changes:
+  - version:
+    - v18.3.0
+    - v16.17.0
+    pr-url: https://github.com/nodejs/node/pull/36510
+    description: Runtime deprecation.
+-->
+
+Type: Runtime.
+
+The implicit suppression of uncaught exceptions in Node-API callbacks is now
+deprecated.
+
+Set the flag [`--force-node-api-uncaught-exceptions-policy`][] to force Node.js
+to emit an [`'uncaughtException'`][] event if the exception is not handled in
+Node-API callbacks.
+
 [Legacy URL API]: url.md#legacy-url-api
 [NIST SP 800-38D]: https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/Legacy/SP/nistspecialpublication800-38d.pdf
 [RFC 6066]: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc6066#section-3
 [RFC 8247 Section 2.4]: https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/rfc8247#section-2.4
 [WHATWG URL API]: url.md#the-whatwg-url-api
 [`"exports"` or `"main"` entry]: packages.md#main-entry-point-export
+[`'uncaughtException'`]: process.md#event-uncaughtexception
+[`--force-node-api-uncaught-exceptions-policy`]: cli.md#--force-node-api-uncaught-exceptions-policy
 [`--pending-deprecation`]: cli.md#--pending-deprecation
 [`--throw-deprecation`]: cli.md#--throw-deprecation
 [`--trace-atomics-wait`]: cli.md#--trace-atomics-wait

src/node_api.cc

@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ void node_napi_env__::CallbackIntoModule(T&& call) {
           "Uncaught N-API callback exception detected, please run node "
           "with option --force-node-api-uncaught-exceptions-policy=true"
           "to handle those exceptions properly.",
-          "DEP0XXX");
+          "DEP0168");
       return;
     }
     // If there was an unhandled exception in the complete callback,