feat: support all Trezor derivation types

Based on the master key generation algorithm variations

Author: rhyslbw

packages/hardware-trezor/MASTER_KEY_GENERATION.md

@@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
+# Trezor Master Key Generation Types
+
+This package now supports multiple master key generation algorithms for Trezor hardware wallets, allowing compatibility with different wallet implementations and enabling seamless integration with various existing wallet types.
+
+## Supported Master Key Generation Types
+
+### 1. ICARUS
+- Standard CIP-3 wallet compatibility mode
+
+### 2. ICARUS_TREZOR
+- CIP-3 variant with 24-word mnemonic compatibility
+- This is Trezor's internal default (SDK passes no `derivationType`)
+
+### 3. LEDGER
+- Ledger hardware wallet compatibility mode
+- Use this if your wallet was originally created on a Ledger device
+- Enables access to Ledger-generated accounts on Trezor hardware
+
+## Key Concept
+
+All types use the same derivation path but different master key generation algorithms from the mnemonic. The `derivationType` tells Trezor which algorithm to use.
+
+## Usage
+
+### Importing Types and Constants
+
+All types and constants are fully exportable from their respective packages:
+
+```typescript
+// Core constants
+import {
+  HD_WALLET_CIP_ID,
+  Cardano
+} from '@cardano-sdk/core';
+
+// Key management types
+import {
+  TrezorConfig,
+  KeyPurpose,
+  MasterKeyGeneration
+} from '@cardano-sdk/key-management';
+
+// Hardware Trezor implementation
+import { TrezorKeyAgent } from '@cardano-sdk/hardware-trezor';
+```
+
+
+
+### Basic Configuration
+
+```typescript
+import { TrezorConfig, MasterKeyGeneration } from '@cardano-sdk/key-management';
+
+const trezorConfig: TrezorConfig = {
+  communicationType: 'web',
+  manifest: {
+    email: '[email protected]',
+    appUrl: 'https://myapp.com'
+  },
+  // Use CIP-3 master key generation
+  derivationType: 'ICARUS'
+};
+```
+
+
+
+### Creating a Trezor Key Agent
+
+```typescript
+import { TrezorKeyAgent } from '@cardano-sdk/hardware-trezor';
+import { Cardano } from '@cardano-sdk/core';
+import { createBip32Ed25519 } from '@cardano-sdk/crypto';
+
+const dependencies = {
+  logger: console, // or your preferred logger
+  bip32Ed25519: await createBip32Ed25519()
+};
+
+const keyAgent = await TrezorKeyAgent.createWithDevice({
+  chainId: Cardano.ChainIds.Mainnet,
+  accountIndex: 0,
+  trezorConfig: {
+    communicationType: 'web',
+    manifest: {
+      email: '[email protected]',
+      appUrl: 'https://myapp.com'
+    },
+    derivationType: 'ICARUS'
+  }
+}, dependencies);
+```
+
+
+
+## Discovery & UX Guidelines
+
+When pairing a Trezor device, follow this discovery pattern to find existing accounts:
+
+1. **Try ICARUS first** - Most common for software wallets
+2. **Try ICARUS_TREZOR** - If balance not found and user has 24-word mnemonic
+3. **Try LEDGER** - If user confirms wallet was originally created on Ledger device
+
+This is why many wallet UIs show a "Derivation type override" dropdown - to help users discover their existing accounts.
+
+## Implementation Details
+
+When a non-default derivation type is specified, the SDK sets the appropriate `derivationType` in the `cardanoSignTransaction` call. For the default type, no `derivationType` is sent to Trezor.
+
+## Backward Compatibility
+
+Existing wallets without a `derivationType` configuration will continue to work as before. No changes are required for existing users.
+
+
+
+## References
+
+- **[CIP-1852](https://cips.cardano.org/cip/CIP-1852)**: HD paths and role meanings
+- **[CIP-3](https://cips.cardano.org/cip/CIP-3)**: Master key generation and 24-word compatibility note
+- **[Trezor Forum](https://forum.trezor.io/t/cardano-ada-transaction-signing-error/10466)**: Community discussion on derivation types
+- **[Cardano Stack Exchange](https://cardano.stackexchange.com/questions/5977/how-does-ledger-generate-the-public-keys)**: Ledger key generation details
+- **[Cardano Foundation](https://cardano-foundation.github.io/cardano-wallet/concepts/master-key-generation)**: Master key generation background
+
+## Notes
+
+- **Device Compatibility**: Ensure your Trezor device firmware supports the chosen derivation type
+- **Discovery**: Use the discovery pattern (ICARUS → ICARUS_TREZOR → LEDGER) to find existing accounts

packages/hardware-trezor/src/TrezorKeyAgent.ts

@@ -93,13 +93,19 @@ const isMultiSig = (tx: Omit<Trezor.CardanoSignTransaction, 'signingMode'>): boo
 export class TrezorKeyAgent extends KeyAgentBase {
   readonly isTrezorInitialized: Promise<boolean>;
   readonly #communicationType: CommunicationType;
+  readonly #trezorConfig: TrezorConfig;
 
   constructor({ isTrezorInitialized, ...serializableData }: TrezorKeyAgentProps, dependencies: KeyAgentDependencies) {
     super({ ...serializableData, __typename: KeyAgentType.Trezor }, dependencies);
     if (!isTrezorInitialized) {
       this.isTrezorInitialized = TrezorKeyAgent.initializeTrezorTransport(serializableData.trezorConfig);
     }
     this.#communicationType = serializableData.trezorConfig.communicationType;
+    this.#trezorConfig = serializableData.trezorConfig;
+  }
+
+  get trezorConfig(): TrezorConfig {
+    return this.#trezorConfig;
   }
 
   static async initializeTrezorTransport({
@@ -275,7 +281,12 @@ export class TrezorKeyAgent extends KeyAgentBase {
         ...(signingMode === Trezor.PROTO.CardanoTxSigningMode.MULTISIG_TRANSACTION && {
           additionalWitnessRequests: multiSigWitnessPaths
         }),
-        signingMode
+        signingMode,
+        ...(this.trezorConfig.derivationType
+          ? {
+              derivationType: this.trezorConfig.derivationType as unknown as Trezor.PROTO.CardanoDerivationType
+            }
+          : {})
       });
 
       const expectedPublicKeys = await Promise.all(

packages/key-management/src/types.ts

@@ -43,6 +43,10 @@ export enum KeyPurpose {
   STANDARD = HD_WALLET_CIP_ID,
   MULTI_SIG = MULTISIG_CIP_ID
 }
+
+/** Master key generation algorithms supported by Trezor devices */
+export type MasterKeyGeneration = 'ICARUS' | 'ICARUS_TREZOR' | 'LEDGER';
+
 export interface AccountKeyDerivationPath {
   role: KeyRole;
   index: number;
@@ -94,6 +98,8 @@ export interface TrezorConfig {
   };
   /** When set to true, Trezor automatically handle passphrase entry by forcing it to occur on the device */
   shouldHandlePassphrase?: boolean;
+  /** Master key generation algorithm to use. Defaults to Trezor's default if not specified */
+  derivationType?: MasterKeyGeneration;
 }
 
 export interface SerializableKeyAgentDataBase {

packages/wallet/test/hardware/trezor/TrezorKeyAgent.integration.test.ts

@@ -46,17 +46,75 @@ const createWallet = async (keyAgent: KeyAgent) => {
 const getAddress = async (wallet: ObservableWallet) => (await firstValueFrom(wallet.addresses$))[0].address;
 
 describe('TrezorKeyAgent+BaseWallet', () => {
-  test('creating and restoring TrezorKeyAgent wallet', async () => {
-    const keyAgentDependencies = { bip32Ed25519: await Crypto.SodiumBip32Ed25519.create(), logger };
+  let keyAgentDependencies: { bip32Ed25519: Crypto.Bip32Ed25519; logger: typeof logger };
 
+  const TEST_APP_URL = 'https://your.application.com';
+  const TEST_EMAIL = '[email protected]';
+
+  beforeAll(async () => {
+    keyAgentDependencies = { bip32Ed25519: await Crypto.SodiumBip32Ed25519.create(), logger };
+  });
+
+  test('creating and restoring TrezorKeyAgent wallet with default derivation type', async () => {
+    const freshKeyAgent = await TrezorKeyAgent.createWithDevice(
+      {
+        chainId: Cardano.ChainIds.Preprod,
+        trezorConfig: {
+          communicationType: CommunicationType.Node,
+          manifest: {
+            appUrl: TEST_APP_URL,
+            email: TEST_EMAIL
+          }
+          // No derivationType specified - uses Trezor's default (ICARUS_TREZOR)
+        }
+      },
+      keyAgentDependencies
+    );
+    const freshWallet = await createWallet(freshKeyAgent);
+
+    const restoredKeyAgent = await restoreKeyAgent(freshKeyAgent.serializableData, keyAgentDependencies);
+    const restoredWallet = await createWallet(restoredKeyAgent);
+
+    expect(await getAddress(freshWallet)).toEqual(await getAddress(restoredWallet));
+    freshWallet.shutdown();
+    restoredWallet.shutdown();
+  });
+
+  test('creating TrezorKeyAgent wallet with ICARUS derivation type', async () => {
+    const freshKeyAgent = await TrezorKeyAgent.createWithDevice(
+      {
+        chainId: Cardano.ChainIds.Preprod,
+        trezorConfig: {
+          communicationType: CommunicationType.Node,
+          derivationType: 'ICARUS',
+          manifest: {
+            appUrl: TEST_APP_URL,
+            email: TEST_EMAIL
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      keyAgentDependencies
+    );
+    const freshWallet = await createWallet(freshKeyAgent);
+
+    const restoredKeyAgent = await restoreKeyAgent(freshKeyAgent.serializableData, keyAgentDependencies);
+    const restoredWallet = await createWallet(restoredKeyAgent);
+
+    expect(await getAddress(freshWallet)).toEqual(await getAddress(restoredWallet));
+    freshWallet.shutdown();
+    restoredWallet.shutdown();
+  });
+
+  test('creating TrezorKeyAgent wallet with LEDGER derivation type', async () => {
     const freshKeyAgent = await TrezorKeyAgent.createWithDevice(
       {
         chainId: Cardano.ChainIds.Preprod,
         trezorConfig: {
           communicationType: CommunicationType.Node,
+          derivationType: 'LEDGER',
           manifest: {
-            appUrl: 'https://your.application.com',
-            email: '[email protected]'
+            appUrl: TEST_APP_URL,
+            email: TEST_EMAIL
           }
         }
       },
@@ -71,4 +129,71 @@ describe('TrezorKeyAgent+BaseWallet', () => {
     freshWallet.shutdown();
     restoredWallet.shutdown();
   });
+
+  test('different derivation types produce different addresses', async () => {
+    const defaultKeyAgent = await TrezorKeyAgent.createWithDevice(
+      {
+        chainId: Cardano.ChainIds.Preprod,
+        trezorConfig: {
+          communicationType: CommunicationType.Node,
+          manifest: {
+            appUrl: TEST_APP_URL,
+            email: TEST_EMAIL
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      keyAgentDependencies
+    );
+
+    const icarusKeyAgent = await TrezorKeyAgent.createWithDevice(
+      {
+        chainId: Cardano.ChainIds.Preprod,
+        trezorConfig: {
+          communicationType: CommunicationType.Node,
+          derivationType: 'ICARUS',
+          manifest: {
+            appUrl: TEST_APP_URL,
+            email: TEST_EMAIL
+          }
+        }
+      },
+      keyAgentDependencies
+    );
+
+    const defaultWallet = await createWallet(defaultKeyAgent);
+    const icarusWallet = await createWallet(icarusKeyAgent);
+
+    const defaultAddress = await getAddress(defaultWallet);
+    const icarusAddress = await getAddress(icarusWallet);
+
+    // Different derivation types should produce different addresses
+    expect(defaultAddress).not.toEqual(icarusAddress);
+
+    defaultWallet.shutdown();
+    icarusWallet.shutdown();
+  });
+
+  test('backward compatibility - existing wallets without derivation type continue to work', async () => {
+    // Simulate an existing wallet configuration (no derivationType)
+    const existingWalletConfig = {
+      chainId: Cardano.ChainIds.Preprod,
+      trezorConfig: {
+        communicationType: CommunicationType.Node,
+        manifest: {
+          appUrl: 'https://your.application.com',
+          email: '[email protected]'
+        }
+        // No derivationType - this is how existing wallets were configured
+      }
+    };
+
+    const keyAgent = await TrezorKeyAgent.createWithDevice(existingWalletConfig, keyAgentDependencies);
+    const wallet = await createWallet(keyAgent);
+
+    // Should work exactly as before
+    expect(await getAddress(wallet)).toBeDefined();
+    expect(keyAgent.trezorConfig.derivationType).toBeUndefined();
+
+    wallet.shutdown();
+  });
 });