[feat] Add FLAVA model (#16654)

* [WIP] Add FLAVA model

This PR aims to add [FLAVA](ihttps://arxiv.org/abs/2112.04482) model to the transformers repo.

Following checklist delineates the list of things to be done for this PR
to be complete:

[x] Flava init
[x] Flava base models
[x] Flava layers
[x] Flava Configs
[x] Flava encoders
[x] Flava pretraining models
[ ] Flava classification/retrieval models (To be added in a separate PR)
[x] Documentation updates 
[x] Imports updates 
[x] Argstring updates
[x] Flava pretrained checkpoints 
[x] Flava tests
[x] Flava processors 
[x] Sanity check
[x] Lint

Author: apsdehal

README.md

@@ -265,6 +265,7 @@ Min, Patrick Lewis, Ledell Wu, Sergey Edunov, Danqi Chen, and Wen-tau Yih.
 1. **[EncoderDecoder](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/encoder-decoder)** (from Google Research) released with the paper [Leveraging Pre-trained Checkpoints for Sequence Generation Tasks](https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.12461) by Sascha Rothe, Shashi Narayan, Aliaksei Severyn.
 1. **[ELECTRA](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/electra)** (from Google Research/Stanford University) released with the paper [ELECTRA: Pre-training text encoders as discriminators rather than generators](https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.10555) by Kevin Clark, Minh-Thang Luong, Quoc V. Le, Christopher D. Manning.
 1. **[FlauBERT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/flaubert)** (from CNRS) released with the paper [FlauBERT: Unsupervised Language Model Pre-training for French](https://arxiv.org/abs/1912.05372) by Hang Le, Loïc Vial, Jibril Frej, Vincent Segonne, Maximin Coavoux, Benjamin Lecouteux, Alexandre Allauzen, Benoît Crabbé, Laurent Besacier, Didier Schwab.
+1. **[FLAVA](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main/model_doc/flava)** (from Facebook AI) released with the paper [FLAVA: A Foundational Language And Vision Alignment Model](https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.04482) by Amanpreet Singh, Ronghang Hu, Vedanuj Goswami, Guillaume Couairon, Wojciech Galuba, Marcus Rohrbach, and Douwe Kiela.
 1. **[FNet](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/fnet)** (from Google Research) released with the paper [FNet: Mixing Tokens with Fourier Transforms](https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.03824) by James Lee-Thorp, Joshua Ainslie, Ilya Eckstein, Santiago Ontanon.
 1. **[Funnel Transformer](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/funnel)** (from CMU/Google Brain) released with the paper [Funnel-Transformer: Filtering out Sequential Redundancy for Efficient Language Processing](https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.03236) by Zihang Dai, Guokun Lai, Yiming Yang, Quoc V. Le.
 1. **[GLPN](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main/model_doc/glpn)** (from KAIST) released with the paper [Global-Local Path Networks for Monocular Depth Estimation with Vertical CutDepth](https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.07436) by Doyeon Kim, Woonghyun Ga, Pyungwhan Ahn, Donggyu Joo, Sehwan Chun, Junmo Kim.

README_ko.md

@@ -244,6 +244,7 @@ Flax, PyTorch, TensorFlow 설치 페이지에서 이들을 conda로 설치하는
 1. **[ELECTRA](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/electra)** (from Google Research/Stanford University) released with the paper [ELECTRA: Pre-training text encoders as discriminators rather than generators](https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.10555) by Kevin Clark, Minh-Thang Luong, Quoc V. Le, Christopher D. Manning.
 1. **[EncoderDecoder](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/encoder-decoder)** (from Google Research) released with the paper [Leveraging Pre-trained Checkpoints for Sequence Generation Tasks](https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.12461) by Sascha Rothe, Shashi Narayan, Aliaksei Severyn.
 1. **[FlauBERT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/flaubert)** (from CNRS) released with the paper [FlauBERT: Unsupervised Language Model Pre-training for French](https://arxiv.org/abs/1912.05372) by Hang Le, Loïc Vial, Jibril Frej, Vincent Segonne, Maximin Coavoux, Benjamin Lecouteux, Alexandre Allauzen, Benoît Crabbé, Laurent Besacier, Didier Schwab.
+1. **[FLAVA](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main/model_doc/flava)** (from Facebook AI) released with the paper [FLAVA: A Foundational Language And Vision Alignment Model](https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.04482) by Amanpreet Singh, Ronghang Hu, Vedanuj Goswami, Guillaume Couairon, Wojciech Galuba, Marcus Rohrbach, and Douwe Kiela.
 1. **[FNet](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/fnet)** (from Google Research) released with the paper [FNet: Mixing Tokens with Fourier Transforms](https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.03824) by James Lee-Thorp, Joshua Ainslie, Ilya Eckstein, Santiago Ontanon.
 1. **[Funnel Transformer](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/funnel)** (from CMU/Google Brain) released with the paper [Funnel-Transformer: Filtering out Sequential Redundancy for Efficient Language Processing](https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.03236) by Zihang Dai, Guokun Lai, Yiming Yang, Quoc V. Le.
 1. **[GLPN](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main/model_doc/glpn)** (from KAIST) released with the paper [Global-Local Path Networks for Monocular Depth Estimation with Vertical CutDepth](https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.07436) by Doyeon Kim, Woonghyun Ga, Pyungwhan Ahn, Donggyu Joo, Sehwan Chun, Junmo Kim.

README_zh-hans.md

@@ -268,6 +268,7 @@ conda install -c huggingface transformers
 1. **[ELECTRA](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/electra)** (来自 Google Research/Stanford University) 伴随论文 [ELECTRA: Pre-training text encoders as discriminators rather than generators](https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.10555) 由 Kevin Clark, Minh-Thang Luong, Quoc V. Le, Christopher D. Manning 发布。
 1. **[EncoderDecoder](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/encoder-decoder)** (来自 Google Research) 伴随论文 [Leveraging Pre-trained Checkpoints for Sequence Generation Tasks](https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.12461) 由 Sascha Rothe, Shashi Narayan, Aliaksei Severyn 发布。
 1. **[FlauBERT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/flaubert)** (来自 CNRS) 伴随论文 [FlauBERT: Unsupervised Language Model Pre-training for French](https://arxiv.org/abs/1912.05372) 由 Hang Le, Loïc Vial, Jibril Frej, Vincent Segonne, Maximin Coavoux, Benjamin Lecouteux, Alexandre Allauzen, Benoît Crabbé, Laurent Besacier, Didier Schwab 发布。
+1. **[FLAVA](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main/model_doc/flava)** (来自 Facebook AI) 伴随论文 [FLAVA: A Foundational Language And Vision Alignment Model](https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.04482) 由 Amanpreet Singh, Ronghang Hu, Vedanuj Goswami, Guillaume Couairon, Wojciech Galuba, Marcus Rohrbach, and Douwe Kiela 发布。
 1. **[FNet](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/fnet)** (来自 Google Research) 伴随论文 [FNet: Mixing Tokens with Fourier Transforms](https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.03824) 由 James Lee-Thorp, Joshua Ainslie, Ilya Eckstein, Santiago Ontanon 发布。
 1. **[Funnel Transformer](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/funnel)** (来自 CMU/Google Brain) 伴随论文 [Funnel-Transformer: Filtering out Sequential Redundancy for Efficient Language Processing](https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.03236) 由 Zihang Dai, Guokun Lai, Yiming Yang, Quoc V. Le 发布。
 1. **[GLPN](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main/model_doc/glpn)** (来自 KAIST) 伴随论文 [Global-Local Path Networks for Monocular Depth Estimation with Vertical CutDepth](https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.07436) 由 Doyeon Kim, Woonghyun Ga, Pyungwhan Ahn, Donggyu Joo, Sehwan Chun, Junmo Kim 发布。

README_zh-hant.md

@@ -280,6 +280,7 @@ conda install -c huggingface transformers
 1. **[ELECTRA](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/electra)** (from Google Research/Stanford University) released with the paper [ELECTRA: Pre-training text encoders as discriminators rather than generators](https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.10555) by Kevin Clark, Minh-Thang Luong, Quoc V. Le, Christopher D. Manning.
 1. **[EncoderDecoder](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/encoder-decoder)** (from Google Research) released with the paper [Leveraging Pre-trained Checkpoints for Sequence Generation Tasks](https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.12461) by Sascha Rothe, Shashi Narayan, Aliaksei Severyn.
 1. **[FlauBERT](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/flaubert)** (from CNRS) released with the paper [FlauBERT: Unsupervised Language Model Pre-training for French](https://arxiv.org/abs/1912.05372) by Hang Le, Loïc Vial, Jibril Frej, Vincent Segonne, Maximin Coavoux, Benjamin Lecouteux, Alexandre Allauzen, Benoît Crabbé, Laurent Besacier, Didier Schwab.
+1. **[FLAVA](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main/model_doc/flava)** (from Facebook AI) released with the paper [FLAVA: A Foundational Language And Vision Alignment Model](https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.04482) by Amanpreet Singh, Ronghang Hu, Vedanuj Goswami, Guillaume Couairon, Wojciech Galuba, Marcus Rohrbach, and Douwe Kiela.
 1. **[FNet](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/fnet)** (from Google Research) released with the paper [FNet: Mixing Tokens with Fourier Transforms](https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.03824) by James Lee-Thorp, Joshua Ainslie, Ilya Eckstein, Santiago Ontanon.
 1. **[Funnel Transformer](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/model_doc/funnel)** (from CMU/Google Brain) released with the paper [Funnel-Transformer: Filtering out Sequential Redundancy for Efficient Language Processing](https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.03236) by Zihang Dai, Guokun Lai, Yiming Yang, Quoc V. Le.
 1. **[GLPN](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/main/model_doc/glpn)** (from KAIST) released with the paper [Global-Local Path Networks for Monocular Depth Estimation with Vertical CutDepth](https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.07436) by Doyeon Kim, Woonghyun Ga, Pyungwhan Ahn, Donggyu Joo, Sehwan Chun, Junmo Kim.

docs/source/en/_toctree.yml

@@ -216,6 +216,8 @@
       title: Encoder Decoder Models
     - local: model_doc/flaubert
       title: FlauBERT
+    - local: model_doc/flava
+      title: FLAVA
     - local: model_doc/fnet
       title: FNet
     - local: model_doc/fsmt

docs/source/en/index.mdx

@@ -86,6 +86,7 @@ The library currently contains JAX, PyTorch and TensorFlow implementations, pret
 1. **[EncoderDecoder](model_doc/encoder-decoder)** (from Google Research) released with the paper [Leveraging Pre-trained Checkpoints for Sequence Generation Tasks](https://arxiv.org/abs/1907.12461) by Sascha Rothe, Shashi Narayan, Aliaksei Severyn.
 1. **[ELECTRA](model_doc/electra)** (from Google Research/Stanford University) released with the paper [ELECTRA: Pre-training text encoders as discriminators rather than generators](https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.10555) by Kevin Clark, Minh-Thang Luong, Quoc V. Le, Christopher D. Manning.
 1. **[FlauBERT](model_doc/flaubert)** (from CNRS) released with the paper [FlauBERT: Unsupervised Language Model Pre-training for French](https://arxiv.org/abs/1912.05372) by Hang Le, Loïc Vial, Jibril Frej, Vincent Segonne, Maximin Coavoux, Benjamin Lecouteux, Alexandre Allauzen, Benoît Crabbé, Laurent Besacier, Didier Schwab.
+1. **[FLAVA](model_doc/flava)** (from Facebook AI) released with the paper [FLAVA: A Foundational Language And Vision Alignment Model](https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.04482) by Amanpreet Singh, Ronghang Hu, Vedanuj Goswami, Guillaume Couairon, Wojciech Galuba, Marcus Rohrbach, and Douwe Kiela.
 1. **[FNet](model_doc/fnet)** (from Google Research) released with the paper [FNet: Mixing Tokens with Fourier Transforms](https://arxiv.org/abs/2105.03824) by James Lee-Thorp, Joshua Ainslie, Ilya Eckstein, Santiago Ontanon.
 1. **[Funnel Transformer](model_doc/funnel)** (from CMU/Google Brain) released with the paper [Funnel-Transformer: Filtering out Sequential Redundancy for Efficient Language Processing](https://arxiv.org/abs/2006.03236) by Zihang Dai, Guokun Lai, Yiming Yang, Quoc V. Le.
 1. **[GLPN](model_doc/glpn)** (from KAIST) released with the paper [Global-Local Path Networks for Monocular Depth Estimation with Vertical CutDepth](https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.07436) by Doyeon Kim, Woonghyun Ga, Pyungwhan Ahn, Donggyu Joo, Sehwan Chun, Junmo Kim.
@@ -204,6 +205,7 @@ Flax), PyTorch, and/or TensorFlow.
 |       Encoder decoder       |       ❌       |       ❌       |       ✅        |         ✅         |      ✅      |
 | FairSeq Machine-Translation |       ✅       |       ❌       |       ✅        |         ❌         |      ❌      |
 |          FlauBERT           |       ✅       |       ❌       |       ✅        |         ✅         |      ❌      |
+|            Flava            |       ❌       |       ❌       |       ✅        |         ❌         |      ❌      |
 |            FNet             |       ✅       |       ✅       |       ✅        |         ❌         |      ❌      |
 |     Funnel Transformer      |       ✅       |       ✅       |       ✅        |         ✅         |      ❌      |
 |            GLPN             |       ❌       |       ❌       |       ✅        |         ❌         |      ❌      |

docs/source/en/model_doc/flava.mdx

@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+<!--Copyright 2022 The HuggingFace Team. All rights reserved.
+
+Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on
+an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the
+specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
+-->
+
+# FLAVA
+
+## Overview
+
+The FLAVA model was proposed in [FLAVA: A Foundational Language And Vision Alignment Model](https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.04482) by Amanpreet Singh, Ronghang Hu, Vedanuj Goswami, Guillaume Couairon, Wojciech Galuba, Marcus Rohrbach, and Douwe Kiela and is accepted at CVPR 2022.
+
+The paper aims at creating a single unified foundation model which can work across vision, language 
+as well as vision-and-language multimodal tasks.
+
+The abstract from the paper is the following:
+
+*State-of-the-art vision and vision-and-language models rely on large-scale visio-linguistic pretraining for obtaining good performance on a variety 
+of downstream tasks. Generally, such models are often either cross-modal (contrastive) or multi-modal 
+(with earlier fusion) but not both; and they often only target specific modalities or tasks. A promising 
+direction would be to use a single holistic universal model, as a "foundation", that targets all modalities 
+at once -- a true vision and language foundation model should be good at vision tasks, language tasks, and 
+cross- and multi-modal vision and language tasks. We introduce FLAVA as such a model and demonstrate 
+impressive performance on a wide range of 35 tasks spanning these target modalities.*
+
+
+This model was contributed by [aps](https://huggingface.co/aps). The original code can be found [here](https://github.com/facebookresearch/multimodal/tree/main/examples/flava).
+
+
+## FlavaConfig
+
+[[autodoc]] FlavaConfig
+
+## FlavaTextConfig
+
+[[autodoc]] FlavaTextConfig
+
+## FlavaImageConfig
+
+[[autodoc]] FlavaImageConfig
+
+## FlavaMultimodalConfig
+
+[[autodoc]] FlavaMultimodalConfig
+
+## FlavaImageCodebookConfig
+
+[[autodoc]] FlavaImageCodebookConfig
+
+## FlavaProcessor
+
+[[autodoc]] FlavaProcessor
+
+## FlavaFeatureExtractor
+
+[[autodoc]] FlavaFeatureExtractor
+
+## FlavaForPreTraining
+
+[[autodoc]] FlavaForPreTraining
+    - forward
+
+## FlavaModel
+
+[[autodoc]] FlavaModel
+    - forward
+    - get_text_features
+    - get_image_features
+
+## FlavaImageCodebook
+
+[[autodoc]] FlavaImageCodebook
+    - forward
+    - get_codebook_indices
+    - get_codebook_probs
+
+## FlavaTextModel
+
+[[autodoc]] FlavaTextModel
+    - forward
+
+## FlavaImageModel
+
+[[autodoc]] FlavaImageModel
+    - forward
+
+## FlavaMultimodalModel
+
+[[autodoc]] FlavaMultimodalModel
+    - forward

src/transformers/__init__.py

@@ -198,6 +198,14 @@
     "models.electra": ["ELECTRA_PRETRAINED_CONFIG_ARCHIVE_MAP", "ElectraConfig", "ElectraTokenizer"],
     "models.encoder_decoder": ["EncoderDecoderConfig"],
     "models.flaubert": ["FLAUBERT_PRETRAINED_CONFIG_ARCHIVE_MAP", "FlaubertConfig", "FlaubertTokenizer"],
+    "models.flava": [
+        "FLAVA_PRETRAINED_CONFIG_ARCHIVE_MAP",
+        "FlavaConfig",
+        "FlavaImageCodebookConfig",
+        "FlavaImageConfig",
+        "FlavaMultimodalConfig",
+        "FlavaTextConfig",
+    ],
     "models.fnet": ["FNET_PRETRAINED_CONFIG_ARCHIVE_MAP", "FNetConfig"],
     "models.fsmt": ["FSMT_PRETRAINED_CONFIG_ARCHIVE_MAP", "FSMTConfig", "FSMTTokenizer"],
     "models.funnel": ["FUNNEL_PRETRAINED_CONFIG_ARCHIVE_MAP", "FunnelConfig", "FunnelTokenizer"],
@@ -568,6 +576,7 @@
     _import_structure["models.deit"].append("DeiTFeatureExtractor")
     _import_structure["models.detr"].append("DetrFeatureExtractor")
     _import_structure["models.dpt"].append("DPTFeatureExtractor")
+    _import_structure["models.flava"].extend(["FlavaFeatureExtractor", "FlavaProcessor"])
     _import_structure["models.glpn"].append("GLPNFeatureExtractor")
     _import_structure["models.imagegpt"].append("ImageGPTFeatureExtractor")
     _import_structure["models.layoutlmv2"].append("LayoutLMv2FeatureExtractor")
@@ -1038,6 +1047,18 @@
             "FlaubertWithLMHeadModel",
         ]
     )
+    _import_structure["models.flava"].extend(
+        [
+            "FLAVA_PRETRAINED_MODEL_ARCHIVE_LIST",
+            "FlavaForPreTraining",
+            "FlavaImageCodebook",
+            "FlavaImageModel",
+            "FlavaModel",
+            "FlavaMultimodalModel",
+            "FlavaPreTrainedModel",
+            "FlavaTextModel",
+        ]
+    )
     _import_structure["models.fnet"].extend(
         [
             "FNET_PRETRAINED_MODEL_ARCHIVE_LIST",
@@ -2654,6 +2675,14 @@
     from .models.electra import ELECTRA_PRETRAINED_CONFIG_ARCHIVE_MAP, ElectraConfig, ElectraTokenizer
     from .models.encoder_decoder import EncoderDecoderConfig
     from .models.flaubert import FLAUBERT_PRETRAINED_CONFIG_ARCHIVE_MAP, FlaubertConfig, FlaubertTokenizer
+    from .models.flava import (
+        FLAVA_PRETRAINED_CONFIG_ARCHIVE_MAP,
+        FlavaConfig,
+        FlavaImageCodebookConfig,
+        FlavaImageConfig,
+        FlavaMultimodalConfig,
+        FlavaTextConfig,
+    )
     from .models.fnet import FNET_PRETRAINED_CONFIG_ARCHIVE_MAP, FNetConfig
     from .models.fsmt import FSMT_PRETRAINED_CONFIG_ARCHIVE_MAP, FSMTConfig, FSMTTokenizer
     from .models.funnel import FUNNEL_PRETRAINED_CONFIG_ARCHIVE_MAP, FunnelConfig, FunnelTokenizer
@@ -2974,6 +3003,7 @@
         from .models.deit import DeiTFeatureExtractor
         from .models.detr import DetrFeatureExtractor
         from .models.dpt import DPTFeatureExtractor
+        from .models.flava import FlavaFeatureExtractor, FlavaProcessor
         from .models.glpn import GLPNFeatureExtractor
         from .models.imagegpt import ImageGPTFeatureExtractor
         from .models.layoutlmv2 import LayoutLMv2FeatureExtractor, LayoutLMv2Processor
@@ -3372,6 +3402,16 @@
             FlaubertModel,
             FlaubertWithLMHeadModel,
         )
+        from .models.flava import (
+            FLAVA_PRETRAINED_MODEL_ARCHIVE_LIST,
+            FlavaForPreTraining,
+            FlavaImageCodebook,
+            FlavaImageModel,
+            FlavaModel,
+            FlavaMultimodalModel,
+            FlavaPreTrainedModel,
+            FlavaTextModel,
+        )
         from .models.fnet import (
             FNET_PRETRAINED_MODEL_ARCHIVE_LIST,
             FNetForMaskedLM,

src/transformers/models/__init__.py

@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@
     electra,
     encoder_decoder,
     flaubert,
+    flava,
     fnet,
     fsmt,
     funnel,

src/transformers/models/auto/configuration_auto.py

@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@
         ("canine", "CanineConfig"),
         ("roformer", "RoFormerConfig"),
         ("clip", "CLIPConfig"),
+        ("flava", "FlavaConfig"),
         ("bigbird_pegasus", "BigBirdPegasusConfig"),
         ("deit", "DeiTConfig"),
         ("luke", "LukeConfig"),
@@ -171,6 +172,7 @@
         ("canine", "CANINE_PRETRAINED_CONFIG_ARCHIVE_MAP"),
         ("roformer", "ROFORMER_PRETRAINED_CONFIG_ARCHIVE_MAP"),
         ("clip", "CLIP_PRETRAINED_CONFIG_ARCHIVE_MAP"),
+        ("flava", "FLAVA_PRETRAINED_CONFIG_ARCHIVE_MAP"),
         ("bigbird_pegasus", "BIGBIRD_PEGASUS_PRETRAINED_CONFIG_ARCHIVE_MAP"),
         ("deit", "DEIT_PRETRAINED_CONFIG_ARCHIVE_MAP"),
         ("luke", "LUKE_PRETRAINED_CONFIG_ARCHIVE_MAP"),
@@ -268,6 +270,7 @@
         ("canine", "Canine"),
         ("roformer", "RoFormer"),
         ("clip", "CLIP"),
+        ("flava", "Flava"),
         ("bigbird_pegasus", "BigBirdPegasus"),
         ("deit", "DeiT"),
         ("luke", "LUKE"),